蹇

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蹇	U+8E47, 蹇 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8E47

CJK Unified Ideographs

Translingual

Han character

蹇 (Kangxi radical 157, 足+10, 17 strokes, cangjie input 十廿金人 (JTCO) or 難十廿金人 (XJTCO), four-corner 3080₁, composition ⿱𡨄足)

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 1230, character 40
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 37741
Dae Jaweon: page 1702, character 40
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3731, character 5
Unihan data for U+8E47

Chinese

simp. and trad.		蹇
alternative forms		䮿／𬴏𨇥

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 蹇
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (寒) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
寒	*ɡaːn
蹇	kranʔ, kanʔ
謇	*kranʔ
搴	kranʔ, kʰran
藆	*kranʔ
騫	*kʰran
褰	*kʰran
攐	*kʰran
鑳	*ɡranʔ
寋	*ɡanʔ
鶱	*qʰan

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *kranʔ, *kanʔ) : abbreviated phonetic 寒 (OC *ɡaːn) + semantic 足 (“foot”).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): jiǎn, qiān (jian³, qian¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄢˇ, ㄑㄧㄢ
Cantonese (Jyutping): gin² / zin²
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): kián

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: jiǎn
  - Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄢˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jiǎn
  - Wade–Giles: chien³
  - Yale: jyǎn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jean
  - Palladius: цзянь (czjanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi̯ɛn²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: qiān
  - Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄢ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: cian
  - Wade–Giles: chʻien¹
  - Yale: chyān
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chian
  - Palladius: цянь (cjanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: gin² / zin²
  - Yale: gín / jín
  - Cantonese Pinyin: gin² / dzin²
  - Guangdong Romanization: gin² / jin²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kiːn³⁵/, /t͡siːn³⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kián
  - Tâi-lô: kián
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kiern
  - IPA (Xiamen): /kiɛn⁵³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kiɛn⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /kiɛn⁵³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /kiɛn⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /kiɛn⁴¹/

Middle Chinese: kjonX, kjenX

Rime
Character	蹇	蹇
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	見 (28)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	元 (65)	仙 (79)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	居偃切	九輦切
Baxter	kjonX	kjenX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kɨɐn^X/	/kˠiᴇn^X/
Pan Wuyun	/kiɐn^X/	/kᵚiɛn^X/
Shao Rongfen	/kiɐn^X/	/kiæn^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kɨan^X/	/kian^X/
Li Rong	/kiɐn^X/	/kjɛn^X/
Wang Li	/kĭɐn^X/	/kĭɛn^X/
Bernhard Karlgren	/kɨ̯ɐn^X/	/ki̯ɛn^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jiǎn	jiǎn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gin²	gin²

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*kranʔ/, /*kanʔ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	蹇	蹇
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	4871	4880
Phonetic component	寒	寒
Rime group	元	元
Rime subdivision	1	1
Corresponding MC rime	蹇	湕
Old Chinese	/*kranʔ/	/*kanʔ/

Definitions

蹇

(literary) lame; crippled
(literary) difficult; hard; unlucky
(literary) dull; stupid; dumb
(literary) arrogant; haughty
(literary) lame donkey or inferior horse
(literary) stutter
(literary) Sentence-initial particle.
䷦,39th hexagram of the I Ching
a surname
蹇先佛 ― Jiǎn Xiānfó ― Jian Xianfo (former Electric Industry vice-minister of China)

Compounds

References

“蹇”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

蹇

(Hyōgai kanji)

cripple

Readings

From Middle Chinese 蹇 (MC kjonX):

Go-on: こん (kon)
Kan-on: けん (ken)

From Middle Chinese 蹇 (MC kjenX):

Go-on: けん (ken)
Kan-on: けん (ken)

From native Japanese roots:

Kun: あしなえ (ashinae, 蹇)^{←あしなへ (asinafe, 蹇, historical)}、かかげる (kakageru, 蹇げる)、なえぐ (naegu, 蹇ぐ)^{←なへぐ (nafegu, 蹇ぐ, historical)}、なやむ (nayamu)

Compounds

Korean

Hanja

蹇 • (geon) (hangeul 건, revised geon, McCune–Reischauer kŏn, Yale ken)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

蹇: Hán Nôm readings: kiễng

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