造

Stroke order

造 (Kangxi radical 162, 辵+7, 11 strokes in traditional Chinese and Korean, 10 strokes in simplified Chinese and Japanese, cangjie input 卜竹土口 (YHGR), four-corner 3430₆, composition ⿺辶告)

• 慥, 糙, 䎭, 䒃, 䗢, 䔏, 簉

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1258, character 12
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 38898
• Dae Jaweon: page 1746, character 6
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3841, character 6
• Unihan data for U+9020

Historical forms of the character 造
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Bronze script (per 漢語多功能字庫): Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *skʰuːɡs, *sɡuːʔ): semantic 辶 (“to walk”) + phonetic 屮 (sʰuːʔ) + semantic 口.

Shuowen: Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *skʰuːɡs, *sɡuːʔ): semantic 辶 (“to walk”) + phonetic 告 (OC *kuːɡs, *kuːɡ).

造

1. to make; to build; to manufacture

   造船  ―  zàochuán  ―  to build a ship

   仿造  ―  fǎngzào  ―  to produce something after a model; to copy

   創造／创造  ―  chuàngzào  ―  to create

   造房子  ―  zào fángzǐ  ―  to build a house

   造輿論／造舆论  ―  zào yúlùn  ―  to manufacture public opinion

   造軍艦／造军舰  ―  zào jūnjiàn  ―  to manufacture a warship

   • 萬物是藉著他造的；凡被造的，沒有一樣不是藉著他造的。
     万物是借着他造的；凡被造的，没有一样不是借着他造的。

     From: 新標點和合本 (Chinese Union Version), 約翰福音 (John) 1:3

     Wànwù shì jièzhe tā zào de; fán bèi zào de, méiyǒu yī yàng bùshì jièzhe tā zào de.

     All things were made by him; and without him was not any thing made that was made.

2. to make up; to fabricate

   造假賬／造假账  ―  zào jiǎzhàng  ―  to cook the books

   造謠／造谣  ―  zàoyáo  ―  to fabricate stories

3. (literary) to start
4. (literary) to establish
5. (dialectal) harvest of crops

   早造  ―  zǎozào  ―  early crops

6. (dialectal) Classifier for harvests.

   一年種兩造米
   一年种两造米

   jat¹ nin⁴ zung³ loeng⁵ zou⁶ mai⁵

   to grow two rice crops per year

造

1. (literary) to go to; to visit; to reach

   造訪／造访  ―  zàofǎng  ―  to pay a visit; to call on

   登峰造極／登峰造极  ―  dēngfēngzàojí  ―  to reach great heights; to reach the peak of perfection

2. (literary) attainments; achievements

   造詣／造诣  ―  zàoyì  ―  attainments; achievements

3. (literary) to train

   深造  ―  shēnzào  ―  to pursue advanced studies

   可造之材  ―  kězàozhīcái  ―  a promising talent deserving training

4. (literary) to give a life

   再造之恩  ―  zàizàozhī'ēn  ―  great benevolence of saving one's life

5. (literary) era
6. (law) party concerned in the suit

   對造／对造  ―  duìzào  ―  opposing side in a court case

A colloquial pronunciation of 作 (MC tsak) (Zhang, 2020).

造

1. (regional Mandarin) A delexical verb.
   1. to eat

      □□狂造兩碗飯
      □□狂造两碗饭

      kūkū kuáng zào liǎng wǎn fàn

      (please add an English translation of this usage example)

   2. to use or spend recklessly; to ruin

      再有錢也禁不住這樣造啊
      再有钱也禁不住这样造啊

      zài yǒu qián yě jīn bù zhù zhèyàng zào a

      (please add an English translation of this usage example)

      這玩意兒□造！
      这玩意儿□造！

      Zhèi wányìr káng zào!

      This thing is durable!

   3. (alt. form 躁) to trample
      • 19th century, Wenkang, chapter 38, in 兒女英雄傳:

        老爺連忙回過身來，不想那人一個躱不及，一倒脚又正造在老爺脚上那個跥指兒雞眼上。
        老爷连忙回过身来，不想那人一个躲不及，一倒脚又正造在老爷脚上那个跺指儿鸡眼上。

        Lǎoye liánmáng huí guò shēn lái, bùxiǎng nà rén yī ge duǒ bù jí, yī dǎo jiǎo yòu zhèng zào zài lǎoye jiǎo shàng nà ge duòzhǐr jīyǎn shàng.

        (please add an English translation of this quotation)

造

1. used in 新造 (xīnzào, “Xinzao, a town in Guangzhou”)

造

1. (Mandarin, slang) contraction of 知道 (zhīdào)

   你造嗎？／你造吗？  ―  Nǐ zào ma?  ―  Didja know?

• “造”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
• Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A04146
• Zhang, Weidong (张卫东) (2020) “从谚解《老乞大》看北京官话文白异读和京剧“上口字””, in 中国语文, number 4, pages 458–80, see page 466.

Shinjitai	造
Kyūjitai	造󠄁 造+󠄁? (Adobe-Japan1)
	造󠄃 造+󠄃? (Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho)
	造󠄄 造+󠄄? (Hanyo-Denshi)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details.

(Fifth grade kyōiku kanji)

1. create, make, physique, structure

From Middle Chinese 造 (MC dzawX); compare Mandarin 造 (zào):

• Go-on: ぞう (zō, Jōyō)^{←ざう (zau, historical)}
• Kan-on: そう (sō)^{←さう (sau, historical)}

From Middle Chinese 造 (MC tshawH); compare Mandarin 造 (zào, cào):

• Go-on: そう (sō)^{←さう (sau, historical)}
• Kan’yō-on: ぞう (zō, Jōyō)^{←ざう (zau, historical)}

From native Japanese roots:

• Kun: いたる (itaru, 造る)、つく (tsuku)、つくる (tsukuru, 造る, Jōyō)、つくり (tsukuri, 造り)、なす (nasu, 造す)、なる (naru, 造る)、みやつこ (miyatsuko, 造)
• Nanori: いたる (itaru)、なり (nari)、なる (naru)、はじめ (hajime)、みやつこ (miyatsuko)

From Middle Chinese 造 (MC dzawX).

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key):
• Phonetic hangul:
  • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

造

Wikisource

造 (eumhun 지을 조 (jieul jo))

1. hanja form^? of 조 (“to create; to make”)
2. hanja form^? of 조 (“physique; structure”)

From Middle Chinese 造 (MC tshawH).

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key):
• Phonetic hangul:
  • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

造 (eumhun 이룰 조 (irul jo))

1. (literary) hanja form^? of 조 (“to achieve”)

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

造: Hán Nôm readings: tạo, xáo, xạo, tháo

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.