Hello, you have come here looking for the meaning of the word
過 . In DICTIOUS you will not only get to know all the dictionary meanings for the word
過 , but we will also tell you about its etymology, its characteristics and you will know how to say
過 in singular and plural. Everything you need to know about the word
過 you have here. The definition of the word
過 will help you to be more precise and correct when speaking or writing your texts. Knowing the definition of
過 , as well as those of other words, enriches your vocabulary and provides you with more and better linguistic resources.
Translingual
Stroke order
Alternative forms
Note that the box in the upper part of 咼 differs in simplified Chinese – in simplified Chinese fonts it is on the left, while in Japanese and traditional Chinese it is on the right (as seen in the Kangxi dictionary).
Han character
過 (Kangxi radical 162, 辵 +8 in Chinese , 辵+9 in Japanese , 11 strokes in Chinese , 12 strokes in Japanese , cangjie input 卜月月口 (YBBR ), four-corner 37302 , composition ⿺辶 咼 )
Derived characters
References
Kangxi Dictionary: page 1261 , character 22
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 39002
Dae Jaweon: page 1753, character 6
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3849, character 8
Unihan data for U+904E
Chinese
Glyph origin
Old Chinese
碢
*l'oːl
腡
*ɡ·roːl, *kʷroːl
過
*kloːl, *kloːls
渦
*kloːl, *qloːl
鍋
*kloːl
楇
*kloːl, *ɡloːls
瘑
*kloːl
緺
*koːl, *kroːl, *kʷroːl
堝
*kloːl
濄
*kloːl, *qloːl
鐹
*kloːlʔ, *kloːls
薖
*kʰloːl
簻
*kʰloːl, *kr'oːl
禍
*ɡloːlʔ
窩
*qloːl
萵
*qloːl
檛
*kr'oːl
膼
*kr'oːl
蝸
*kroːl, *kʷroːl
媧
*kroːl, *kʷroːl
騧
*kroːl, *kʷroːl
冎
*kroːlʔ
剮
*kroːlʔ
諣
*qʰroːls, *qʰʷroːls
歄
*kʷroːl
咼
*kʰʷroːl
喎
*kʰʷroːl
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声 , OC *kloːl, *kloːls ) : semantic 辵 ( “ walk ” ) + phonetic 咼 ( OC *kʰʷroːl) .
Etymology 1
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m/s-ka-j ( “ to go, to stride ” ) (STEDT). Related to 跨 (OC *kʰʷraː, *kʰʷraːʔ, *kʰʷraːs, *kʰʷaːs , “to pass over”) and 騎 (OC *ɡral, *ɡrals , “to ride”).
Pronunciation
Mandarin
(Standard )
(Pinyin ) : guò , guō , gè (guo4 , guo1 , ge4 )
(Zhuyin ) : ㄍㄨㄛˋ, ㄍㄨㄛ, ㄍㄜˋ
(Chengdu , Sichuanese Pinyin ) : go4
(Dungan , Cyrillic and Wiktionary ) : гуә (guə, III)
Cantonese (Jyutping ) : gwo3 , gwo1
Gan (Wiktionary ) : guo4 / guo1 / guo
Hakka
(Sixian , PFS ) : ko
(Meixian , Guangdong ) : guo4
Jin (Wiktionary ) : gue3
Northern Min (KCR ) : gua̿
Eastern Min (BUC ) : guó
Southern Min
(Hokkien , POJ ) : kè / kèr / kòe / kòa / kò / kò͘ / ko͘ / ko / koa
(Teochew , Peng'im ) : guê3
Wu (Wugniu )
Xiang (Changsha , Wiktionary ) : go4
Note :
guo - verbal or adjectival complement indicating occurrence or completion;
guō - used in certain colloquial words;
gè - colloquial (“fault”).
Note :
guo1 - limited;
guo - verbal or adjectival complement indicating occurrence or completion.
Hakka
Jin
Northern Min
Eastern Min
Southern Min
(Hokkien : Xiamen , Taipei , Magong , Hsinchu )
(Hokkien : Quanzhou , Lukang , Sanxia , Kinmen , Hsinchu )
(Hokkien : Zhangzhou , Kaohsiung , Tainan , Yilan , Taichung )
(Hokkien : Xiamen , Quanzhou , Zhangzhou , General Taiwanese )
(Hokkien : Xiamen , Zhangzhou , General Taiwanese )
(Hokkien : Quanzhou )
(Hokkien : Quanzhou )
(Hokkien : Xiamen , Zhangzhou )
(Hokkien : Xiamen , Quanzhou , Zhangzhou )
Note :
kè/kèr/kòe - vernacular;
kòa - vernacular (limited, e.g. 罪過 );
kò/kò͘ - literary;
ko͘/ko - literary;
koa - vernacular.
Baxter –Sagart system 1.1 (2014 )
Character
過
過
過
Reading #
1/3
2/3
3/3
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)
guō
guō
guò
Middle Chinese
‹ kwa ›
‹ kwa ›
‹ kwaH ›
Old Chinese
/*Cə.kʷˁaj/
/*kʷˁaj/
/*kʷˁaj-s/
English
tough, fibrous (vegetables)
to pass
to pass; transgress
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:
* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;
* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
過
過
Reading #
1/2
2/2
No.
4362
4371
Phonetic component
冎
冎
Rime group
歌
歌
Rime subdivision
3
3
Corresponding MC rime
戈
Old Chinese
/*kloːl/
/*kloːls/
Definitions
過
to cross ; to pass ; to go across ; to pass through
坐 這 艘 船 過 河 很 安全 。 [MSC , trad. ] 坐 这 艘 船 过 河 很 安全 。 [MSC , simp. ] Zuò zhè sōu chuán guò hé hěn ānquán. It is safe to cross the river in this boat.
請 您 趕快 過 安檢 ,現在 已經 登機 了 。 [MSC , trad. ] 请 您 赶快 过 安检 ,现在 已经 登机 了 。 [MSC , simp. ] Qǐng nín gǎnkuài guò ānjiǎn, xiànzài yǐjīng dēngjī le. Please hurry up to pass the security check, it's already boarding time.
過 了 百貨公司 便 向 右 拐 。 [MSC , trad. ] 过 了 百货公司 便 向 右 拐 。 [MSC , simp. ] Guò le bǎihuò gōngsī biàn xiàng yòu guǎi. Turn to the right after passing the department store.
( of time ) to pass by ; to pass
時間 過 得 很 快 。/ 时间 过 得 很 快 。 ― Shíjiān guò de hěn kuài. ― Time flies quickly.
過 了 許多 年 我們 才 偶然 相逢 。 [MSC , trad. ] 过 了 许多 年 我们 才 偶然 相逢 。 [MSC , simp. ] Guò le xǔduō nián wǒmen cái ǒurán xiāngféng. Many years were to pass before we crossed our paths again.
to spend time ; to live
過 著 艱苦 的 生活 [MSC , trad. ] 过 着 艰苦 的 生活 [MSC , simp. ] guò zhe jiānkǔ de shēnghuó to live a hard life.
佢 打算 返 澳洲 過 暑假 。 [Cantonese , trad. ] 佢 打算 返 澳洲 过 暑假 。 [Cantonese , simp. ] keoi5 daa2 syun3 faan1 ou3 zau1 gwo3 syu2 gaa3 . He is planning to spend his summer holiday in Hong Kong.
to transfer ; to move to
我 過 咗 三 千 蚊 落 你 戶口 度 。 [Cantonese , trad. ] 我 过 咗 三 千 蚊 落 你 户口 度 。 [Cantonese , simp. ] ngo5 gwo3 zo2 saam1 cin1 man1 lok6 nei5 wu6 hau2 dou6 . I transferred three thousand dollars into your account.
to cause to go through
過 秤/ 过 秤 ― guò chèng ― to weigh
把 煮 好 的 麵 過 一 下 涼 水 [MSC , trad. ] 把 煮 好 的 面 过 一 下 凉 水 [MSC , simp. ] bǎ zhǔ hǎo de miàn guò yī xià liáng shuǐ Put the boiled noodles through cold water.
to go over ; to look at carefully ; to go through
我們 把 這 篇 稿子 再 過 一遍 。 [MSC , trad. ] 我们 把 这 篇 稿子 再 过 一遍 。 [MSC , simp. ] Wǒmen bǎ zhè piān gǎozi zài guò yībiàn. Let's go over the draft once again.
to exceed ; to surpass ; to be over
過 期/ 过 期 ― guò qī ― over due
年 過 六十 / 年 过 六十 ― nián guò liùshí ― to be over 60 years of age
excessive ; undue ; overboard
把 話 說 得 太 過 了 / 把 话 说 得 太 过 了 ― bǎ huà shuō de tài guò le ― said way too much.
to pass an exam
verbal complement
indicating passing by ; over ; by
我 成日 都 會 行 過 呢 間 士多 。 [Cantonese , trad. ] 我 成日 都 会 行 过 呢 间 士多 。 [Cantonese , simp. ] ngo5 seng4 jat6 dou1 wui5 haang4 gwo3 ni1 gaan1 si6 do1 . I always walk by this corner store.
indicating a change in direction ; over ; away
indicating an excess in degree or amount ; past ; through ; by
坐 過 站 了 !/ 坐 过 站 了 ! ― Zuò guò zhàn le! ― I rode past my station!
我 今天 早上 睡 過 了 。 [MSC , trad. ] 我 今天 早上 睡 过 了 。 [MSC , simp. ] Wǒ jīntiān zǎoshàng shuì guò le. I over slept this morning.
他 父親 恐怕 活 不 過 今晚 。 [MSC , trad. ] 他 父亲 恐怕 活 不 过 今晚 。 [MSC , simp. ] Tā fùqīn kǒngpà huó bù guò jīnwǎn. I'm afraid his father may not make it past this evening.
indicating superiority ; better than
你 打 得 過 他 嗎 ?/ 你 打 得 过 他 吗 ? ― Nǐ dǎ de guò tā ma? ― Do you play better than him?
( Cantonese ) indicating that an event is worthwhile
呢 間 茶樓 啲 點心 又 貴 又 唔係 特別 好食 ,真係 食 唔 過 。 [Cantonese , trad. ] 呢 间 茶楼 啲 点心 又 贵 又 唔系 特别 好食 ,真系 食 唔 过 。 [Cantonese , simp. ] ni1 gaan1 caa4 lau4 di1 dim2 sam1 jau6 gwai3 jau6 m4 hai6 dak6 bit6 hou2 sik6 , zan1 hai6 sik6 m4 gwo3 . The dim sum at this restaurant is quite expensive and not particularly tasty, so it's not worth eating.
( chiefly literary or Cantonese ) adjectival complement indicating an excess in degree or amount ; more ... than
佢 高 過 我 。/ 佢 高 过 我 。 [Guangzhou Cantonese ] ― keoi5 gou1 gwo3 ngo5 . ― He/she is taller than me.
佢 梗係 叻 過 我 啦 。 [Guangzhou Cantonese , trad. ] 佢 梗系 叻 过 我 啦 。 [Guangzhou Cantonese , simp. ] keoi5 gang2 hai6 lek1 gwo3 ngo5 laa1 . He/she is definitely smarter than me.
particle indicating that an event or state has occurred already ; ever ; already
你 去 過 中國 嗎 ?/ 你 去 过 中国 吗 ? ― Nǐ qù guo Zhōngguó ma? ― Have you (ever) been to China?
你 有 冇 去 過 香港 啊 ? [Cantonese , trad. ] 你 有 冇 去 过 香港 啊 ? [Cantonese , simp. ] nei5 jau5 mou5 heoi3 gwo3 hoeng1 gong2 aa3 ? Have you ever been to Hong Kong?
你 見 過 我 個 女朋友 未 呀 ? [Cantonese , trad. ] 你 见 过 我 个 女朋友 未 呀 ? [Cantonese , simp. ] nei5 gin3 gwo3 ngo5 go3 neoi5 pang4 jau5 mei6 aa3 ? Have you seen my girlfriend yet?
( Cantonese , Gan ) particle indicating repetition of an event ; again
我 作文 揀 錯 咗 題目 ,要 從頭 寫 過 。 [Cantonese , trad. ] 我 作文 拣 错 咗 题目 ,要 从头 写 过 。 [Cantonese , simp. ] ngo5 zok3 man4-2 gaan2 co3 zo2 tai4 muk6 , jiu3 cung4 tau4 se2 gwo3 . I picked the wrong topic for the essay, so I have to write it all over again .
too ; excessively
他們 抱怨 工資 過 低 。 [MSC , trad. ] 他们 抱怨 工资 过 低 。 [MSC , simp. ] Tāmen bàoyuàn gōngzī guò dī. They complained that the wages were too low.
fault ; blemish ; mistake
將功補過 / 将功补过 ― jiānggōngbǔguò ― to make up for one's mistakes with good deeds
吾 過 矣 !/ 吾 过 矣 ! [Classical Chinese ] ― Wú guò yǐ! ― I am/was wrong! / I have erred!
( Cantonese , chiefly university slang ) to pass
勁過 / 劲过 [Cantonese ] ― ging3 gwo3 ― to superpass
過 三爆四/ 过 三爆四 [Cantonese ] ― gwo3 saam1 baau3 sei3 ― to achieve a GPA of 3 or above
( literary ) to pay a visit ; to visit; to call on
( euphemistic ) to die ; to pass away
( Cantonese , dated ) used to indicates the target or recipient of an action: to
畀 件 衫 過 我 。 [Cantonese , trad. ] 畀 件 衫 过 我 。 [Cantonese , simp. ] bei2 gin6 saam1 gwo3 ngo5 . Give me the shirt.
( Cantonese ) This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation , then remove the text {{rfdef }}
.
佢 有 幾 靚仔 啊 ?睇 過 !? [Cantonese , trad. ] 佢 有 几 靓仔 啊 ?睇 过 !? [Cantonese , simp. ] keoi5 jau5 gei2 leng3 zai2 aa1 ? tai2 gwo3 !? How handsome can he be? Let me have a look!?
Classifier for occurrences : time
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of
太 (“too; excessively”)
Variety
Location
Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese )
太 , 過於
Mandarin
Beijing
太 , 忒
Taiwan
太
Tianjin
太 , 忒
Jinan
太 , 忒
Wanrong
太
Xi'an
太
Yinchuan
太
Wuhan
太 , 忒
Chengdu
太
Guiyang
太
Guilin
太
Xuzhou
忒
Yangzhou
太
Hefei
太
Malaysia
太
Singapore
太
Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan)
太
Cantonese
Guangzhou
太 , 得滯 > , 過頭 >
Hong Kong
太 , 太過 , 得滯 > , 過頭 > , 過龍 >
Taishan
得滯 >
Dongguan
得滯 >
Yangjiang
得滯 >
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)
太
Singapore (Guangfu)
太
Gan
Nanchang
太
Lichuan
太
Pingxiang
太
Hakka
Meixian
忒
Dongguan (Qingxi)
太 , 過頭 >
Wuhua (Huacheng)
忒
Heyuan (Bendihua)
太
Wengyuan
太
Liannan
太
Jiexi
忒
Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan)
太 , 忒
Changting
忒
Wuping
忒
Wuping (Yanqian)
忒
Liancheng
忒
Ninghua
忒
Yudu
太
Ningdu
太 , 忒
Tonggu (Sandu)
忒
Ganzhou (Panlong)
太
Dayu
太
Miaoli (N. Sixian)
忒
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)
忒
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)
忒
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)
忒
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)
忒
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)
忒
Hong Kong
太 , 過頭 >
Yangxi (Tangkou)
太
Yangchun (Sanjia)
太
Xinyi (Sihe)
太
Xinyi (Qianpai)
太
Gaozhou (Xindong)
太
Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai)
太
Huazhou (Xin'an)
忒
Lianjiang (Shijiao)
忒
Lianjiang (Qingping)
太
Mengshan (Xihe)
太
Luchuan
太
Senai (Huiyang)
過頭 >
Kuching (Hepo)
過頭
Huizhou
Jixi
太
Jin
Taiyuan
太
Northern Min
Jian'ou
忒
Jian'ou (Dikou)
忒
Songxi
忒
Zhenghe
忒
Zhenghe (Zhenqian)
忒
Jianyang
忒
Wuyishan
忒
Pucheng (Shibei)
忒
Eastern Min
Fuzhou
過 , 恰
Changle
恰
Lianjiang
恰
Fuqing
恰
Pingtan
恰
Yongtai
恰
Minqing
恰
Gutian
恰
Pingnan
恰
Luoyuan
恰
Fu'an
恰
Ningde
恰
Xiapu
恰
Zherong
恰
Shouning
恰
Zhouning
恰
Fuding
恰
Southern Min
Xiamen
傷 , 傷過
Xiamen (Tong'an)
傷
Quanzhou
傷 , 傷過
Jinjiang
傷 , 太
Nan'an
傷
Shishi
傷
Hui'an
傷
Anxi
傷
Yongchun
傷
Dehua
傷
Zhangzhou
傷 , 傷過
Zhangzhou (Longhai)
傷
Zhangzhou (Changtai)
傷
Hua'an
傷
Nanjing
傷
Pinghe
傷
Zhangpu
傷
Yunxiao
傷
Zhao'an
傷
Dongshan
傷
Taipei
傷
New Taipei (Sanxia)
傷
Kaohsiung
傷
Yilan
傷
Changhua (Lukang)
傷
Taichung
傷
Tainan
傷
Hsinchu
傷
Kinmen
傷
Penghu (Magong)
傷
Penang (Hokkien)
傷 , 太
Singapore (Hokkien)
傷 , 傷過 , 過 , 佮
Manila (Hokkien)
傷 , 傷過
Longyan
蓋
Zhangping
傷
Chaozhou
佮
Shantou
佮 , 過
Jieyang
佮 , 過
Bangkok (Teochew)
佮
Johor Bahru (Teochew)
佮
Singapore (Teochew)
佮 , 過
Puxian Min
Putian
傷
Xianyou
傷
Central Min
Yong'an
太
Sanyuan
忒
Shaxian
太
Zhongshan Min
Shaxi (Longdu)
太 , 過頭 >
Wu
Shanghai
忒 , 過於 , 忒煞 , 忒以 dated
Shanghai (Chongming)
忒
Suzhou
忒
Hangzhou
忒
Ningbo
忒
Wenzhou
忒
Jinhua
太 , 忒
Xiang
Changsha
太
Shuangfeng
太 , 忒
Note
> - after adjective or adverb
上門 / 上门 ( shàngmén ) 串 ( literary, or in compounds ) 串門 / 串门 ( chuànmén ) ( colloquial ) 串門子 / 串门子 ( chuàn ménzi ) ( colloquial ) 參訪 / 参访 ( cānfǎng ) ( formal ) 坐人家 ( zo5 ren2 ga ) ( Xiang ) 坐尞 ( Hakka ) 拜望 ( bàiwàng ) ( polite ) 拜訪 / 拜访 ( bàifǎng ) ( polite ) 探問 / 探问 ( tànwèn ) 探望 ( tànwàng ) 探視 / 探视 ( tànshì ) 探親 / 探亲 ( tànqīn ) ( to visit one's relatives or spouse ) 探訪 / 探访 ( tànfǎng ) 登門 / 登门 ( dēngmén ) 看望 ( kànwàng ) 省親 / 省亲 ( xǐngqīn ) ( literary, to visit one's parents or elders ) 瞧 ( qiáo ) ( colloquial ) 訪問 / 访问 ( fǎngwèn ) 走訪 / 走访 ( zǒufǎng ) 造訪 / 造访 ( zàofǎng )
Usage notes
The past experience particle 過 is negated with 沒 / 没 (méi ), which is placed before the verb.
我 沒 去 過 中國 。/ 我 没 去 过 中国 。 ― Wǒ méi qù guò Zhōngguó. ― I have not been to China.
In Cantonese, 未 (mei6 ) is used instead of 沒 / 没 .
Compounds
Descendants
Others :
→ Proto-Hmong-Mien: *KʷajH ( “ to cross ” )
→ Proto-Tai: *kwaːᴮ ( “ to cross over ” )
Lao: ກວ່າ ( kuā , “ than; more than ” )
Shan: ၵႂႃႇ ( kwàa , “ go; work, run (as an engine) ” )
Thai: กว่า ( gwàa , “ than; more than; over; go; overflow; pass ” )
Etymology 2
Pronunciation
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
過
Reading #
1/2
No.
4362
Phonetic component
冎
Rime group
歌
Rime subdivision
3
Corresponding MC rime
戈
Old Chinese
/*kloːl/
Definitions
過
name of a creek
name of an ancient state in modern Shandong
a surname
Etymology 3
Pronunciation
Definitions
過
Alternative form of 輠 / 𰺍
Alternative form of 禍 / 祸 ( huò )
References
Japanese
Shinjitai
過
Kyūjitai
過󠄁 過 +󠄁
? (Adobe-Japan1 )
過󠄃 過 +󠄃
? (Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details.
Kanji
過
(grade 5 “Kyōiku” kanji )
mistake
excess , too much
Readings
Go-on : か ( ka , Jōyō ) ←くわ ( kwa , historical )
Kan-on : か ( ka , Jōyō ) ←くわ ( kwa , historical )
Kun : あやまつ ( ayama tsu , 過つ , Jōyō ) ; あやまち ( ayama chi , 過ち , Jōyō ) ; あやまち ( ayamachi , 過 ) ; すぐ ( su gu , 過ぐ ) ; すぐす ( su gusu , 過ぐす ) ; すぐる ( su guru , 過ぐる ) ; すぎる ( su giru , 過ぎる , Jōyō ) ; すぎ ( sugi , 過 ) ; すごす ( su gosu , 過ごす , Jōyō ) ; すごす ( sugo su , 過す ) ; よぎる ( yo giru , 過ぎる ) ; よぎる ( yogi ru , 過る )
Etymology
From Middle Chinese 過 (MC kwa| kwaH ).
Pronunciation
Noun
過( か ) • (ka ) ←くわ ( kwa ) ?
fault ; error ; mistake
the past
excess
Prefix
過( か ) • (ka- ) ←くわ ( kwa ) ?
( chemistry ) super- , over- ; per
References
Korean
Hanja
過 (eumhun 지날 과 ( jinal gwa ) )
Hanja form? of 과 ( “ last , past , have been , in time , later ” ) .
허물 과; an error, a fault, a misstep, a slip, a mistake.
기름통 과; an oil cask, an oilcan.
過 (eumhun 재앙 화 ( jaeang hwa ) )
This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation , then remove the text {{rfdef }}
.
Vietnamese
Han character
過 : Hán Nôm readings: qua , quá , góa /goá , quớ , quở
chữ Hán form of qua ( “ to pass ; to go over ” ) .
1910 , Sơn Hậu Diễn Ca , sheet 1a
䀡運𡗶㐌挌過 頭。 Xem vận trời đã gác qua đầu. Seeing that fate has been set over (my) head.
chữ Hán form of quá ( “ too (much ); over ” ) .
circa 15th century , Nguyễn Trãi , Lê triều Nguyễn tướng công Gia huấn ca , Quan Văn Ðường tàng bản (1907), lines 7-8
𠳒咹涅於朱坤, 拯𢧚多過 多言𡭧芇。 Lời ăn nết ở cho khôn, chẳng nên đa quá đa ngôn chút nào. Speak and act like a lady, but speak not too much lest you blunder.