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See also:
U+9063, 遣
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9063

CJK Unified Ideographs

Translingual

Han character

(Kangxi radical 162, +10, 14 strokes in traditional Chinese and Korean, 13 strokes in mainland China and Japanese, cangjie input 卜中一口 (YLMR), four-corner 35307, composition 𠀐)

Derived characters

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1263, character 19
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 39052
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1758, character 5
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3871, character 7
  • Unihan data for U+9063

Chinese

trad.
simp. #
2nd round simp. ⿺辶欠

Glyph origin

Originally 𠳋, an ideogrammic compound (會意会意) in the oracle bone script: two (“hand”) in a configuration of commanding + 𠂤 (“army”) – “to send; to dispatch”.

The component was later added in some bronze inscriptions, which is retained in the modern glyph.

Pronunciation 1



Rime
Character
Reading # 1/2
Initial () (29)
Final () (77)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter khjienX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/kʰiᴇnX/
Pan
Wuyun
/kʰiɛnX/
Shao
Rongfen
/kʰjænX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/kʰianX/
Li
Rong
/kʰiɛnX/
Wang
Li
/kʰĭɛnX/
Bernard
Karlgren
/kʰi̯ɛnX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
qiǎn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
hin2
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
qiǎn
Middle
Chinese
‹ khjienX ›
Old
Chinese
/*ʰeʔ/
English send

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/2
No. 10264
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
2
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*kʰenʔ/

Definitions

  1. to send; to dispatch
  2. to exile

Compounds

Pronunciation 2



Rime
Character
Reading # 2/2
Initial () (29)
Final () (77)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter khjienH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/kʰiᴇnH/
Pan
Wuyun
/kʰiɛnH/
Shao
Rongfen
/kʰjænH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/kʰianH/
Li
Rong
/kʰiɛnH/
Wang
Li
/kʰĭɛnH/
Bernard
Karlgren
/kʰi̯ɛnH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
qiàn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
hin3
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
qiàn
Middle
Chinese
‹ khjienH ›
Old
Chinese
/*ʰeʔ-s/ (*kʰ- doesn"t palatalize)
English grave goods

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 2/2
No. 10267
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
2
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*kʰens/

Definitions

  1. (historical) grave goods; sacrificial objects buried with the dead
  2. (historical) ritual ceremony during a funeral

Compounds

Japanese

Shinjitai
Kyūjitai

遣󠄁
+&#xE0101;?
(Adobe-Japan1)
遣󠄃
+&#xE0103;?
(Hanyo-Denshi)
(Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment.
See here for details.

Kanji

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

  1. to send; to dispatch
  2. to do

Readings

References

  1. ^ ”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎ (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2024

Korean

Hanja

(eumhun 보낼 (bonael gyeon))

  1. Hanja form? of (send, dispatch).

Middle Korean

Suffix

(-kwo)

  1. Idu script spelling of (-kwo, and)
    • 1395, 高士褧 (Go Sa-gyeong), 金祗 (Kim Ji), 大明律直解 (Daemyeongnyul Jikhae) [Correct Translation of the Great Ming Code]:
      本國乙背叛爲
      PWON.KWUK-ul POY.PAN-ho-kwo
      Betray his native country, and

Old Korean

Suffix

(*-kwo)

  1. verbal connective suffix, largely equivalent to English "and; and then"
    • c. 750, 月明師 (Wolmyeongsa), “祭亡妹歌 (Jemangmae-ga)”, in 三國遺事 (Samguk Yusa) [Memorabilia of the Three Kingdoms]:
      生死路隱此矣有阿米次肹伊吾隱去內如辭叱都毛如云去內尼叱古
      As life and death's paths are present here, my way is blocked . And you have not finished saying the words "I depart", and you are departing?

Reconstruction notes

Generally reconstructed as *-kwo, because the Old Korean suffix corresponds exactly to the Middle (and Modern) Korean verbal suffix (go) and because fifteenth-century Idu texts use 遣 to transcribe what by this point is clearly Middle Korean (Yale: kwo). However, it is difficult to explain what sound shifts could have produced Middle Korean out of an Old Korean morpheme whose phonetic value was presumably similar to the character 遣 (Old Chinese *ʰeʔ, Middle Chinese *kʰiᴇn).

Descendants

  • Middle Korean: (kwo, verbal connective suffix)
    • Korean: (go, verbal connective suffix)

References

  • 김지오 [gimjio] (2019) “고대국어 연결 어미의 현황과 과제 [godaegugeo yeon'gyeol eomiui hyeonhwanggwa gwaje, The conditions and research tasks for Old Korean connective suffixes]”, in Gugyeol Yeon'gu, volume 43, →DOI, pages 55–87

Vietnamese

Han character

: Hán Nôm readings: khiển, khiến

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