都落ち

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Japanese

Kanji in this term
都 落
みやこ
Grade: 3 		お
Grade: 3
kun’yomi
Alternative spelling
都落ち (kyūjitai)

Etymology

From 都 (miyako, “capital city”) +‎ 落ち (ochi, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of verb 落ちる (ochiru), “to end in”).

Pronunciation

Noun

都(みやこ)落(お)ち • (miyakoochi) 

  1. escaping from Kyoto (or other capital) to the provinces
  2. moving house from a large city, especially Tokyo, to the provinces
  3. (card games) in 大富豪 (daifugō), a rule that when the top player (also known as daifugō) cannot win, that player will be in last place or 大貧民 (daihinmin)

Verb

都(みやこ)落(お)ちする • (miyakoochi suru) suru (stem 都(みやこ)落(お)ちし (miyakoochi shi), past 都(みやこ)落(お)ちした (miyakoochi shita))

  1. to escape from Kyoto (or other capital) to the provinces
  2. to move house from a large city, especially Tokyo, to the provinces
  3. (card games) in 大富豪 (daifugō), to be placed in 大貧民 (daihinmin) with the miyakoochi rule

Conjugation

Conjugation of "都落ちする" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 都落ちし みやこおちし miyakoochi shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 都落ちし みやこおちし miyakoochi shi
Shūshikei ("terminal") 都落ちする みやこおちする miyakoochi suru
Rentaikei ("attributive") 都落ちする みやこおちする miyakoochi suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 都落ちすれ みやこおちすれ miyakoochi sure
Meireikei ("imperative") 都落ちせよ¹
都落ちしろ² 		みやこおちせよ¹
みやこおちしろ² 		miyakoochi seyo¹
miyakoochi shiro²
Key constructions
Passive 都落ちされる みやこおちされる miyakoochi sareru
Causative 都落ちさせる
都落ちさす 		みやこおちさせる
みやこおちさす 		miyakoochi saseru
miyakoochi sasu
Potential 都落ちできる みやこおちできる miyakoochi dekiru
Volitional 都落ちしよう みやこおちしよう miyakoochi shiyō
Negative 都落ちしない みやこおちしない miyakoochi shinai
Negative continuative 都落ちせず みやこおちせず miyakoochi sezu
Formal 都落ちします みやこおちします miyakoochi shimasu
Perfective 都落ちした みやこおちした miyakoochi shita
Conjunctive 都落ちして みやこおちして miyakoochi shite
Hypothetical conditional 都落ちすれば みやこおちすれば miyakoochi sureba
¹ Written imperative

² Spoken imperative

References

  1. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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