重ねる

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Japanese

Kanji in this term
重
かさ
Grade: 3
kun'yomi

Etymology

From classical form 重(かさ)ぬ (kasanu), from Old Japanese.[1]

Development
Natural progression from Old and Classical Japanese 下二段活用 (shimo nidan katsuyō, “lower bigrade conjugation”) verbs ending in -u to modern Japanese 下一段活用 (shimo ichidan katsuyō, “lower monograde conjugation”) verbs ending in -eru.

Pronunciation

  • Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of 「重ねる」
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary
Stem forms
Terminal (終止形)
Attributive (連体形) 		重ねる かさねる
Imperative (命令形) 重ねろ かさねろ
Key constructions
Passive 重ねられる かさねられる
Causative 重ねさせる かさねさせる
Potential 重ねられる かさねられる
Volitional 重ねよう かさねよー
Negative 重ねない かさねない
Negative perfective 重ねなかった かさねなかった
Formal 重ねます かさねます
Perfective 重ねた かさねた
Conjunctive 重ねて かさねて
Hypothetical conditional 重ねれば かさねれば

Verb

重(かさ)ねる • (kasaneru) transitive ichidan (stem 重(かさ)ね (kasane), past 重(かさ)ねた (kasaneta))

Japanese verb pair
active 重ねる
mediopassive 重なる
  1. to pile, add layers, stack, heap, overlay
  2. to repeat


Conjugation

Conjugation of "重ねる" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 重ね かさね kasane
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 重ね かさね kasane
Shūshikei ("terminal") 重ねる かさねる kasaneru
Rentaikei ("attributive") 重ねる かさねる kasaneru
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 重ねれ かさねれ kasanere
Meireikei ("imperative") 重ねよ¹
重ねろ² 		かさねよ¹
かさねろ² 		kasaneyo¹
kasanero²
Key constructions
Passive 重ねられる かさねられる kasanerareru
Causative 重ねさせる
重ねさす 		かさねさせる
かさねさす 		kasanesaseru
kasanesasu
Potential 重ねられる
重ねれる³ 		かさねられる
かさねれる³ 		kasanerareru
kasanereru³
Volitional 重ねよう かさねよう kasaneyō
Negative 重ねない
重ねぬ
重ねん 		かさねない
かさねぬ
かさねん 		kasanenai
kasanenu
kasanen
Negative continuative 重ねず かさねず kasanezu
Formal 重ねます かさねます kasanemasu
Perfective 重ねた かさねた kasaneta
Conjunctive 重ねて かさねて kasanete
Hypothetical conditional 重ねれば かさねれば kasanereba
¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative
³ Colloquial potential

Derived terms

Derived terms

Idioms

Idioms

See also

References

  1. ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  2. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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