Hello, you have come here looking for the meaning of the word
針 . In DICTIOUS you will not only get to know all the dictionary meanings for the word
針 , but we will also tell you about its etymology, its characteristics and you will know how to say
針 in singular and plural. Everything you need to know about the word
針 you have here. The definition of the word
針 will help you to be more precise and correct when speaking or writing your texts. Knowing the definition of
針 , as well as those of other words, enriches your vocabulary and provides you with more and better linguistic resources.
Translingual
Han character
針 (Kangxi radical 167, 金 +2, 10 strokes, cangjie input 金十 (CJ ), four-corner 84100 , composition ⿰釒 十 )
Derived characters
References
Kangxi Dictionary: page 1296 , character 9
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 40165
Dae Jaweon: page 1799, character 12
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4168, character 5
Unihan data for U+91DD
Chinese
trad.
針 /鍼
simp.
针 /𰾗
usage of 𰾗 in Simplified Chinese is limited to personal names.
Glyph origin
Old Chinese
針
*kjum, *kjums
汁
*kjub
卙
*kʰljub
十
*ɡjub
什
*ɡjub
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声 , OC *kjum, *kjums ) : semantic 釒 ( “ metal ” ) + phonetic 十 ( OC *ɡjub) .
Etymology
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *k-ra(p/m) ( “ needle ” ) ; compare Tibetan ཁབ ( khab ) , Burmese အပ် ( ap ) (STEDT; Hill, 2017 ).
Pronunciation
Mandarin
(Standard )
(Pinyin ) : zhēn (zhen1 )
(Zhuyin ) : ㄓㄣ
(Chengdu , Sichuanese Pinyin ) : zen1
(Dungan , Cyrillic and Wiktionary ) : җын (žɨn, I)
Cantonese
(Guangzhou –Hong Kong , Jyutping ) : zam1
(Taishan , Wiktionary ) : zim1
Gan (Wiktionary ) : ziin1
Hakka
(Sixian , PFS ) : chṳ̂m
(Meixian , Guangdong ) : zem1
Jin (Wiktionary ) : zeng1
Northern Min (KCR ) : céng
Eastern Min (BUC ) : cĕng
Southern Min
(Hokkien , POJ ) : chiam / cham / chim / cherm / chem
(Teochew , Peng'im ) : zam1
(Leizhou , Leizhou Pinyin ) : jiam1
Wu (Shanghai , Wugniu ) : 1 tsen
Xiang
(Changsha , Wiktionary ) : zhen1
(Loudi , Wiktionary ) : din1 / jin1
(Hengyang , Wiktionary ) : jin1
Mandarin
Cantonese
Gan
Hakka
Jin
Northern Min
Eastern Min
Southern Min
(Hokkien : Xiamen , Zhangzhou , Zhangpu , Changtai , Longyan , Taipei , Kaohsiung , Tainan , Yilan , Hsinchu , Taichung , Singapore , Klang )
(Hokkien : Quanzhou , Jinjiang , Nan'an , Hui'an , Yongchun , Lukang , Sanxia , Kinmen , Magong , Hsinchu , Klang )
(Hokkien : Xiamen , Zhangzhou , Changtai , General Taiwanese )
(Hokkien : Quanzhou , Nan'an , Yongchun , Yongchun )
(Hokkien : Hui'an )
Note :
chiam/cham - vernacular;
chim/cherm/chem - literary.
Baxter –Sagart system 1.1 (2014 )
Character
針
Reading #
1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)
zhēn
Middle Chinese
‹ tsyim ›
Old Chinese
/*t.əm/
English
needle
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:
* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;
* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
針
針
Reading #
1/2
2/2
No.
11448
11449
Phonetic component
十
十
Rime group
侵
侵
Rime subdivision
3
3
Corresponding MC rime
斟
枕
Old Chinese
/*kjum/
/*kjums/
Notes
見 淮 南 子 ,說 文 作 鍼
Definitions
針
( countable ) needle (Classifier : 根 m ; 枚 m ; 枝 c mn ; 眼 c )
alt. forms: 箴 ( zhēn )
needle -like object; pin ; brooch ; hand (of a clock or watch); tack
時針 / 时针 ― shízhēn ― hour hand
指南針 / 指南针 ― zhǐnánzhēn ― compass
injection
打針 / 打针 ― dǎzhēn ― to give or receive an injection
防疫針 / 防疫针 ― fángyìzhēn ― vaccination
流感 針 / 流感 针 [Cantonese ] ― lau4 gam2 zam1 ― flu shot
荷爾蒙 針 / 荷尔蒙 针 [Cantonese ] ― ho6 ji5 mung4 zam1 ― hormone injection
acupuncture
to poke ; to sting
( Cantonese ) to pick on ; to aim at someone personally
( Cantonese ) spy ; informer ; probe (Classifier : 條 / 条 c )
Classifier for the number of injections.
Classifier for the number of stitches.
Compounds
Descendants
Others :
→ Bouyei: jiml ( “ needle ” )
→ Proto-Mien: *simᴬ ( “ needle ” )
→ Proto-Tai: *qemᴬ ( “ needle ” ) Northern Tai Central Tai Southwestern Tai
→ Proto-Vietic: *kiːm
Middle Vietnamese: kim
Muong: kim
→ Vietnamese: găm
→ Zhuang: cim ( “ needle ” )
References
Japanese
Kanji
針
(Sixth grade kyōiku kanji )
Readings
Go-on : しん ( shin , Jōyō ) ←しん ( sin , historical ) ←しむ ( simu , ancient )
Kan-on : しん ( shin , Jōyō ) ←しん ( sin , historical ) ←しむ ( simu , ancient )
Kun : はり ( hari , 針 , Jōyō ) 、さす ( sa su , 針す ) 、ぬう ( nu u , 針う ) ←ぬふ ( nu fu , 針ふ , historical )
Compounds
Etymology 1
⟨pari⟩ → /ɸaɾi/ → /haɾi/
From Old Japanese .
Pronunciation
Noun
針( はり ) • (hari )
a sewing needle
a sewing pin
any slender , pointed object resembling or similar in use to a needle:
a phonograph needle ( in record players )
1935 March 13, 日伯新聞 ( Nippaku Shinbun ) [Nippo-Brazilian Newspaper ] , number 926 , page 1:
蓄( ちく ) 音( おん ) 器( き ) はコロムビア !レコード もコロムビア!針( はり ) も勿( もち ) 論( ろん ) コロムビア!Chikuonki wa Koromubia! Rekōdo mo Koromubia! Hari mo mochiron Koromubia! If it's a record player, choose Columbia ! If it's records, choose Columbia! And if it's needles, of course, choose Columbia!
a needle used in medical injections
a knitting needle
a stinger ( in insects )
a staple ( wire fastener )
はじまり だけは 軽( かる ) いノリ で しらないうちに あつ くなって もう 針( はり ) がなんだか 通( とお ) ら ないhajimari dake wa karui nori de shiranai uchi ni atsukunatte mō hari ga nandaka tōranai At first I started lightly, but before I knew it, it got so thick the staples won't go through anymore
( botany ) a thorn
( fishing ) a hook , fishhook
( by extension ) a hand or pointer ( in clocks , watches , meters , compasses , etc. )
時( と ) 計( けい ) の針( はり ) は3( さん ) 時( じ ) を指( さ ) し ています。Tokei no hari wa san-ji o sashiteimasu. The clock's hand is pointing to 3 o'clock.
embroidery , needlework
( figurative ) malice
Derived terms
Idioms
Proverbs
Counter
針( はり ) • (-hari )
counter for stitches
Proper noun
針( はり ) • (Hari )
a placename
a surname
Etymology 2
/ɕim/ → /ɕimʉ/ → /ɕiɴ/
From Middle Chinese 針 (MC tsyim| tsyimH ).
Affix
針( しん ) • (shin )
sewing needle
Alternative spelling of 鍼 ( shin ) : acupuncture
pointed beam
Derived terms
Idioms
References
^ Matsumura, Akira , editor (2006 ), 大辞林 [Daijirin ] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo : Sanseidō , →ISBN
^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute , editor (1998 ), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary ] (in Japanese), Tokyo : NHK Publishing, Inc. , →ISBN
Korean
Etymology 1
From Middle Chinese 針 (MC tsyim ).
Historical Readings
Dongguk Jeongun Reading
Dongguk Jeongun , 1448
짐 (Yale : cìm )
Middle Korean
Text
Eumhun
Gloss (hun )
Reading
Hunmong Jahoe , 1527
바ᄂᆞᆯ〮 (Yale : pànól )
침 (Yale : chìm )
Pronunciation
Hanja
Wikisource
針 (eumhun 바늘 침 ( baneul chim ) )
hanja form? of 침 ( “ needle ( used in sewing ) ” )
hanja form? of 침 ( “ needle -like object ( any slender, pointy object resembling a needle ) ” )
Alternative form of 鍼 ( “ hanja form? of 침 ( “ needle ( used in acupuncture ) ” ) ” )
Compounds
Compounds
침단 (針端 , chimdan )
침로 (針路 , chimno )
침반 (針盤 , chimban )
침봉 (針峯 , chimbong )
침상 (針狀 , chimsang )
침압 (針壓 , chimap )
침엽 (針葉 , chimyeop )
침음 (針音 , chimeum )
침정 (針晶 , chimjeong )
침통 (針筒 , chimtong )
침판 (針板 , chimpan )
침포 (針布 , chimpo )
침활 (針闊 , chimhwal )
검침 (檢針 , geomchim )
격침 (擊針 , gyeokchim )
경침 (莖針 , gyeongchim )
곡침 (曲針 , gokchim )
골침 (骨針 , golchim )
구침 (晷針 , guchim )
구침 (鉤針 , guchim )
극침 (棘針 , geukchim )
금침 (金針 , geumchim )
단침 (短針 , danchim )
대침 (大針 , daechim )
독침 (毒針 , dokchim )
망침 (網針 , mangchim )
목침 (木針 , mokchim )
방침 (方針 , bangchim )
변침 (變針 , byeonchim )
봉침 (蜂針 , bongchim )
분침 (分針 , bunchim )
방침 (方針 , bangchim )
상침 (上針 , sangchim )
선침 (選針 , seonchim )
세침 (細針 , sechim )
소침 (小針 , sochim )
송침 (松針 , songchim )
수침 (繡針 , suchim )
시침 (時針 , sichim )
안침 (按針 , anchim )
엽침 (葉針 , yeopchim )
영침 (影針 , yeongchim )
유침 (留針 , yuchim )
자침 (刺針 , jachim )
자침 (磁針 , jachim )
장침 (長針 , jangchim )
정침 (定針 , jeongchim )
조침 (釣針 , jochim )
죽침 (竹針 , jukchim )
지침 (指針 , jichim )
철침 (鐵針 , cheolchim )
초침 (秒針 , chochim )
촉침 (觸針 , chokchim )
탐침 (探針 , tamchim )
현침 (懸針 , hyeonchim )
침엽수 (針葉樹 , chimyeopsu )
나침반 (羅針盤 , nachimban )
나침의 (羅針儀 , nachimui )
지남침 (指南針 , jinamchim )
피뢰침 (避雷針 , piroechim )
Etymology 2
From Middle Chinese 針 (MC tsyimH ).
Historical Readings
Dongguk Jeongun Reading
Dongguk Jeongun , 1448
짐〮 (Yale : cím )
Pronunciation
(SK Standard /Seoul ) IPA (key ) : Phonetic hangul: Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
Hanja
針 (eumhun 바느질할 침 ( baneujilhal chim ) )
hanja form? of 침 ( “ sewing ; needlework ” )
Compounds
Compounds
침공 (針工 , chimgong )
침공 (針孔 , chimgong )
침녀 (針女 , chimnyeo )
침모 (針母 , chimmo )
침방 (針房 , chimbang )
침사 (針絲 , chimsa )
침선 (針線 , chimseon )
침선 (針膳 , chimseon )
침재 (針才 , chimjae )
침척 (針尺 , chimcheok )
침자 (針刺 , chimja )
침소봉대 (針小棒大 , chimsobongdae )
References
국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典 .
Okinawan
Kanji
針
(Sixth grade kyōiku kanji )
Readings
Etymology
Cognate with Japanese 針 ( hari ) .
Pronunciation
Noun
針( はーい ) (hāi )
a needle used in sewing or other forms of embroidery
Derived terms
References
Further reading
“はーい【針・鍼】 ” in JLect - Japonic Languages and Dialects Database Dictionary , 2019.
Old Japanese
Etymology 1
Noun
針 (pari ) (kana はり )
a needle used in embroidery
Descendants
Etymology 2
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium .)
Noun
針 (paru ) (kana はる )
( regional , Central Eastern Old Japanese ) a needle used in embroidery
Vietnamese
Han character
針 : Hán Nôm readings: châm , chăm , chảm , găm , kim , trâm
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