鍛錬

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See also: 鍛煉, 锻炼, and 鍛鍊

Japanese

Kanji in this term
鍛 錬
たん
Grade: S 		れん
Grade: S
on’yomi
Alternative spellings
鍛鍊 (kyūjitai)
鍛練

Pronunciation

Noun

鍛(たん)錬(れん) • (tanren) 

  1. physical exercise, work out
  2. temper, forgery
  3. toughening

Verb

鍛(たん)錬(れん)する • (tanren suru) transitive or intransitive suru (stem 鍛(たん)錬(れん)し (tanren shi), past 鍛(たん)錬(れん)した (tanren shita))

  1. to do physical exercise
  2. temper, to forge
    鋼(はがね)を鍛錬(たんれん)する
    hagane o tanren suru
    to forge steel
  3. to toughen

Conjugation

Conjugation of "鍛錬する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 鍛錬し たんれんし tanren shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 鍛錬し たんれんし tanren shi
Shūshikei ("terminal") 鍛錬する たんれんする tanren suru
Rentaikei ("attributive") 鍛錬する たんれんする tanren suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 鍛錬すれ たんれんすれ tanren sure
Meireikei ("imperative") 鍛錬せよ¹
鍛錬しろ² 		たんれんせよ¹
たんれんしろ² 		tanren seyo¹
tanren shiro²
Key constructions
Passive 鍛錬される たんれんされる tanren sareru
Causative 鍛錬させる
鍛錬さす 		たんれんさせる
たんれんさす 		tanren saseru
tanren sasu
Potential 鍛錬できる たんれんできる tanren dekiru
Volitional 鍛錬しよう たんれんしよう tanren shiyō
Negative 鍛錬しない たんれんしない tanren shinai
Negative continuative 鍛錬せず たんれんせず tanren sezu
Formal 鍛錬します たんれんします tanren shimasu
Perfective 鍛錬した たんれんした tanren shita
Conjunctive 鍛錬して たんれんして tanren shite
Hypothetical conditional 鍛錬すれば たんれんすれば tanren sureba
¹ Written imperative

² Spoken imperative

Synonyms

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