雄黄

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See also: 雄黃

Chinese

For pronunciation and definitions of 雄黄 – see 雄黃 (“realgar, an arsenic sulfide”). (This term is the simplified form of 雄黃).
Notes: Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore. Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

Japanese

Etymology 1

Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:

雄黄

English Wikipedia has an article on:

Orpiment

雄黄 (yūō, oō): a sample of the mineral orpiment.

Kanji in this term
雄	黄
ゆう Grade: S	おう Grade: 2
on'yomi

Alternative spelling
雄黃 (kyūjitai)

/juːwau/ → /juːwɔː/ → /juːoː/

From Middle Chinese compound 雄黃／雄黄 (hjuwng hwang, literally “male + yellow”), indicating the mineral realgar, in contrast to 雌黄 (tsiɛ hwang, literally “female + yellow”), indicating the mineral orpiment.

Due to similarities between the two minerals, when the term was borrowed into Japanese, the meaning changed from realgar to orpiment.

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) ゆうおー (Heiban – )^[1]
IPA^(key):

Noun

雄(ゆう)黄(おう) • (yūō) ^{←ゆうわう (yuuwau)^?}

orpiment, an arsenic sulfide mineral

Usage notes

This is the most common reading for this kanji compound.

Synonyms

石黄(せきおう) (sekiō)
雌黄(しおう) (shiō) (rare)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
雄	黄
お Grade: S	おう Grade: 2
yutōyomi

Alternative spelling
雄黃 (kyūjitai)

/wowau/ → /owɔː/ → /ooː/

Compound of 雄 (o, “male”, from Old Japanese) +‎ 黄 (ō, “yellow”, from Middle Chinese).

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) おおー (Heiban – )
IPA^(key):

Noun

雄(お)黄(おう) • (oō) ^{←をわう (wowau)^?}

(rare, possibly obsolete) orpiment, an arsenic sulfide mineral

Synonyms

石黄(せきおう) (sekiō)
雌黄(しおう) (shiō) (rare)

Etymology 3

Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:

鶏冠石 (more common alternate for 雄黄 kini)

English Wikipedia has an article on:

Realgar

雄黄 (kini): a sample of the mineral realgar.

Kanji in this term
雄	黄
きに
Grade: S	Grade: 2
jukujikun

Alternative spelling
雄黃 (kyūjitai)

From Old Japanese. Compound of 黄 (ki, “yellow”) +‎ 丹 (ni, “earth, reddish earth”). The kanji are ateji, borrowed from the Chinese term.

Cognate and homophone of 雌黄 (kini, “orpiment”). Only differentiated by spelling.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key):

Noun

雄黄(きに) • (kini)

(rare, possibly obsolete) realgar, an arsenic sulfide mineral

Synonyms

鶏冠石(けいかんせき) (keikanseki) (more common)

Related terms

Related terms

雌黄(きに) (kini): orpiment, an arsenic sulfide mineral

References

^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

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