disaster; distress; to scold disaster; distress; to scold; difficult (to...); problem; difficulty; difficult; not good |
direction; way; method direction; way; method; road; path; principle; truth; reason; skill; Tao (of Taoism); a measure word; to say; to speak; to talk | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (難道) | 難 | 道 | |
| simp. (难道) | 难 | 道 | |
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “A compound meaning ' difficult way'?”)
難道
Particles like 嗎／吗 (ma), 不成 (bùchéng), etc. are often placed at the end of the sentence.
| Variety | Location | Words |
|---|---|---|
| Classical Chinese | 莫非, 豈, 莫不是 | |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 莫非, 豈, 難道, 莫不是 | |
| Mandarin | Beijing | 難道, 難不成, 甭 |
| Taiwan | 難道, 難不成 | |
| Xuzhou | 難說 | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 唔通 |
| Hong Kong | 唔通 | |
| Taishan | 唔成, 敢係, 唔得旨, 毋旨, 毋旨估 | |
| Hakka | Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 無成, 敢講, 敢係 |
| Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 無成, 敢講, 敢係 | |
| Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 無成, 敢講, 敢係 | |
| Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 無成, 敢講, 敢會, 敢係 | |
| Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 無成, 毋成, 敢講, 敢係 | |
| Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 無敢, 敢講, 敢會, 敢係 | |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 敢, 總無 |
| Quanzhou | 敢, 總無, 攏無 | |
| Zhangzhou | 敢, 總無 | |
| Tainan | 敢 | |
| Manila (Hokkien) | 敢 | |
| Shantou | 未是 | |
| Jieyang | 未是, 敢, 敢是 | |
| Wu | Shanghai | 只勿 |
| Shanghai (Chongming) | 難算得 | |
| Xiang | Changsha | 冇過 |