電車
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電車 (1) 
電車 (2) 
電車 (3)
電車 (densha): an electric multiple unit train.
See also: 电车
Chinese
| electric; electricity; electrical | vehicle on land; car; machine vehicle on land; car; machine; to shape with a lathe | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (電車) | 電 | 車 | |
| simp. (电车) | 电 | 车 | |
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Etymology
The modern definitions are wasei kango (和製漢語), orthographically borrowed from Japanese 電車 (densha),[1] first attested in 《出使英法義比四國日記》 by Xue Fucheng in 1890.
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): din6 ce1
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): thien-chhâ
- Jin (Wiktionary): die3 ce1
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien, POJ): tiān-chhia
- (Teochew, Peng'im): diang6 cia1
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 6di-tsho
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄉㄧㄢˋ ㄔㄜ
- Tongyong Pinyin: diànche
- Wade–Giles: tien4-chʻê1
- Yale: dyàn-chē
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: diannche
- Palladius: дяньчэ (djanʹčɛ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ti̯ɛn⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤ⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: din6 ce1
- Yale: dihn chē
- Cantonese Pinyin: din6 tse1
- Guangdong Romanization: din6 cé1
- Sinological IPA (key): /tiːn²² t͡sʰɛː⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: thien-chhâ
- Hakka Romanization System: tien caˊ
- Hagfa Pinyim: tian4 ca1
- Sinological IPA: /tʰi̯en⁵⁵ t͡sʰa²⁴/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: die3 ce1
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /tie⁴⁵ t͡sʰɤ¹¹/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tiān-chhia
- Tâi-lô: tiān-tshia
- Phofsit Daibuun: diexnchiaf
- IPA (Xiamen): /tiɛn²²⁻²¹ t͡sʰia⁴⁴/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /tiɛn⁴¹⁻²² t͡sʰia³³/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /tiɛn²²⁻²¹ t͡sʰia⁴⁴/
- IPA (Taipei): /tiɛn³³⁻¹¹ t͡sʰia⁴⁴/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /tiɛn³³⁻²¹ t͡sʰia⁴⁴/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: diang6 cia1
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tiăng tshia
- Sinological IPA (key): /tiaŋ³⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sʰia³³/
- (Hokkien)
- Wu
- Middle Chinese: denH tsyhae
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*lˤi-s (r)A/
- (Zhengzhang): /*l'iːns kʰlja/
Noun
電車
- tram; streetcar
- (Taiwan or Japan) electric multiple unit train
- (Mainland China, Hong Kong) electric vehicle
- (Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien, dated) automobile; motor car; sedan
- (historical, obsolete) an ancient covered chariot specialized in raiding enemy camps
Usage notes
In Mainland China, in the context of trains, 電車／电车 only refers to trains in Japan.
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 汽車 (“car, motor vehicle”)
Derived terms
References
- ^ 汉语外来词词典 [Chinese Loanword Dictionary] (in Chinese), 1984, page 270
Japanese
Etymology
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 電 | 車 |
| でん Grade: 2 |
しゃ Grade: 1 |
| on'yomi | |
電 (den, “electric”) + 車 (sha, “vehicle”)
Pronunciation
Audio: (file)
Noun
Derived terms
See also
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Korean
| Hanja in this term | |
|---|---|
| 電 | 車 |