頂戴

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See also: 顶戴

Chinese

go against; most; peak
go against; most; peak; top; to replace; to substitute; a measure word (use with "hat")
 
to put on; to respect; to bear
to put on; to respect; to bear; to support; wear (glasses, hat, gloves)
 
trad. (頂戴) 頂 戴
simp. (顶戴) 顶 戴

Pronunciation

Verb

頂戴

  1. (archaic) to salute; to be thankful

Noun

頂戴

  1. (historical) official cap button in the Qing Dynasty

Japanese

Kanji in this term
頂 戴
ちょう
Grade: 6 		だい
Grade: S
on'yomi

Etymology

From Middle Chinese compound 頂戴 (MC tengX tojH). Compare modern Mandarin 頂戴／顶戴 (dǐngdài).

Pronunciation

Noun

頂(ちょう)戴(だい) • (chōdai) 

  1. (humble, formal, archaic) a humble submission, a humble contribution made to someone of higher status
  2. (humble, formal, archaic) a humble reception or receiving of something
  3. (informal) to request: compare English please, gimme
    このバラちょうだい。
    Kono bara chōdai.
    I'll have these roses. / Please give me these roses.
    スプーンちょうだい。
    Supūn chōdai.
    Gimme the spoon.
    ここに名前(なまえ)を書(か)いてちょうだい。
    Koko ni namae o kaite chōdai.
    Please write your name here.

Usage notes

When used as please or gimme, this is used as a kind of command form. This imperative sense is added after the desired noun with the object particle を (​o) optional, or after the て (​te) or conjunctive form of the desired verb. This usage is almost always written in hiragana, and is mostly used by women and children.

The other usages are generally written in kanji.

Synonyms

  • (please give me, for nouns): 下さい (ください, ​kudasai)
  • (please, for verbs): 下さい (ください, ​kudasai) (after -te form of verb)

Derived terms

Verb

頂(ちょう)戴(だい)する • (chōdai suru) transitive suru (stem 頂(ちょう)戴(だい)し (chōdai shi), past 頂(ちょう)戴(だい)した (chōdai shita))

  1. (humble, formal) to receive something
    先月(せんげつ)は結構(けっこう)なものを頂戴(ちょうだい)して誠(まこと)にありがとうございました。
    Sengetsu wa kekkō na mono o chōdai shite makoto ni arigatō gozaimashita.
    Thank you very much for quite the gift I received last month.
  2. to eat, to have a meal
    腹一杯(はらいっぱい)頂戴(ちょうだい)しました。
    Hara ippai chōdai shimashita.
    I've eaten my fill.

Conjugation

Conjugation of "頂戴する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 頂戴し ちょうだいし chōdai shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 頂戴し ちょうだいし chōdai shi
Shūshikei ("terminal") 頂戴する ちょうだいする chōdai suru
Rentaikei ("attributive") 頂戴する ちょうだいする chōdai suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 頂戴すれ ちょうだいすれ chōdai sure
Meireikei ("imperative") 頂戴せよ¹
頂戴しろ² 		ちょうだいせよ¹
ちょうだいしろ² 		chōdai seyo¹
chōdai shiro²
Key constructions
Passive 頂戴される ちょうだいされる chōdai sareru
Causative 頂戴させる
頂戴さす 		ちょうだいさせる
ちょうだいさす 		chōdai saseru
chōdai sasu
Potential 頂戴できる ちょうだいできる chōdai dekiru
Volitional 頂戴しよう ちょうだいしよう chōdai shiyō
Negative 頂戴しない ちょうだいしない chōdai shinai
Negative continuative 頂戴せず ちょうだいせず chōdai sezu
Formal 頂戴します ちょうだいします chōdai shimasu
Perfective 頂戴した ちょうだいした chōdai shita
Conjunctive 頂戴して ちょうだいして chōdai shite
Hypothetical conditional 頂戴すれば ちょうだいすれば chōdai sureba
¹ Written imperative

² Spoken imperative

Synonyms

  • 頂く (いただく, ​itadaku)

References

  1. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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