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See also:
U+9C3B, 鰻
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9C3B

CJK Unified Ideographs

Translingual

Han character

(Kangxi radical 195, +11, 22 strokes, cangjie input 弓火日田水 (NFAWE), four-corner 26347, composition )

Descendants

Further reading

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1477, character 7
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 46443
  • Dae Jaweon: page 2008, character 34
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4710, character 8
  • Unihan data for U+9C3B

Chinese

trad.
simp.
alternative forms
Wikipedia has articles on:
  • (Southern Min)
  • (Wu)
  • (Cantonese)
  • (Written Standard Chinese?)

Glyph origin

Phono-semantic compound (形聲形声, OC *moːn, *mons) : semantic (fish) + phonetic (OC *moːn, *mons) – a kind of fish.

Etymology

Note similarities to Burmese ငါးမန်း (nga:man:, shark).

Pronunciation


Note: maan6 - common variant.

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Initial () (4) (4)
Final () (62) (66)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Closed Closed
Division () I III
Fanqie
Baxter man mjonH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/muɑn/ /mʉɐnH/
Pan
Wuyun
/mʷɑn/ /mʷiɐnH/
Shao
Rongfen
/muɑn/ /miuɐnH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/mwan/ /muanH/
Li
Rong
/muɑn/ /miuɐnH/
Wang
Li
/muɑn/ /mĭwɐnH/
Bernard
Karlgren
/muɑn/ /mi̯wɐnH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
mán wàn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
mun4 maan6
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/2 2/2
No. 8744 8758
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
3 3
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*moːn/ /*mons/

Definitions

  1. eel

Compounds

Descendants

  • Indonesian: mua

References

Japanese

Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)

  1. eel

Readings

  • Go-on: まん (man)もん (mon)
  • Kan-on: ばん (ban)
  • Kun: うなぎ (unagi, )うな (una, ) (u, )

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
むなぎ
Hyōgai
kun'yomi

⟨munaɡi1/munaɡi/

From Old Japanese, first attested in the Man'yōshū (c. 759 CE).

Speculatively, might be from (mu, body, ancient compounding form of modern mi) +‎ (nagi, long, irregular shift from expected reading naga).[1] However, the naganagi shift is otherwise unattested.

Pronunciation

Noun

(むなぎ) (munagi

  1. (archaic, possibly obsolete) an eel
    • c. 759, Man’yōshū, book 16, poem 3853:
      , text here
      (いは)麻呂(まろ)()吾物(われもの)(まをす)夏痩(なつやせ)()(よし)()云物(いふもの)()武奈伎(むなぎ)取喫(とりめせ) [Man'yōgana]
      (いは)麻呂(まろ)()(もの)(まを)(なつ)()によしといふものぞ(むなぎ)()() [Modern spelling]
      Iwamaro ni waga mono mōsu natsu-yase ni yoshi to iu-mono zo munagi torimese
      I address Mr. Iwamaro: they're said to be efficacious for summer loss of weight―go and eat some eels.[2]
    • c. 759, Man’yōshū, book 16, poem 3854:
      , text here
      痩々(やすやす)()()(けら)()将在(あらむ)()波多也波多(はたやはた)武奈伎(むなぎ)乎漁取跡(をとると)(かは)()(ながる)() [Man'yōgana]
      ()()すも()けらばあらむをはたやはた(むなぎ)()ると(かは)(なが) [Modern spelling]
      yasuyasu mo ikeraba aramu o hata ya hata munagi o toru to kawa ni nagaru na
      Ever thinner though you be, better stay alive. When you're after eels for dinner, watch your step. Don't dive.[3]

Etymology 2

Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ja
Kanji in this term
うなぎ
Hyōgai
kun'yomi

/munaɡi//unaɡi/

Sound shift from munagi above.[4][5]

First cited to a text from 1241.[6]

Pronunciation

Noun

(うなぎ) or (ウナギ) (unagi

  1. eel, especially the Japanese eel (Anguilla japonica)
Derived terms

See also

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
うな
Hyōgai
kun'yomi

Abbreviation of unagi above, used in some compounds.

Pronunciation

Noun

(うな) (una

  1. (only in compounds) Synonym of うなぎ (see above).
Derived terms

Etymology 4

Kanji in this term

Hyōgai
kun'yomi

Another abbreviation of unagi above, used in some compounds.

Pronunciation

Noun

() (u

  1. (only in compounds) Synonym of うなぎ (see above).
Usage notes
  • Found in restaurant signboards, for example.
Derived terms

References

  1. ^ 語源由来辞典 (Gogen Yurai Jiten, Etymology Derivation Dictionary) (in Japanese). Entry available online here.
  2. ^ Paula Doe, Yakamochi Ōtomo (1982) A Warbler's Song in the Dusk: The Life and Work of Ōtomo Yakamochi (718-785), illustrated edition, University of California Press, →ISBN, page 81
  3. ^ Robin D. Gill (2009) A Dolphin in the Woods Composite Translation, Paraversing & Distilling Prose, illustrated edition, Paraverse Press, →ISBN, page 215
  4. 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  5. ^ Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  6. ^ ”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎ (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006
  7. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

(eumhun 뱀장어 (baemjang'eo man))

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

Okinawan

Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)

Readings

Etymology

/ʔunaɡi//ʔɴ̩nad͡ʑi/

Cognate with Japanese .

Pronunciation

Noun

(っんなじ) ('nnaji

  1. an eel

Vietnamese

Han character

: Hán Việt readings: man
: Nôm readings: man

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References