鳩

Translingual

Han character

鳩 (Kangxi radical 196, 鳥+2, 13 strokes, cangjie input 大弓竹日火 (KNHAF), four-corner 4702₇, composition ⿰九鳥)

Derived characters

• 𤄄

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1481, character 10
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 46648
• Dae Jaweon: page 2013, character 12
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4613, character 13
• Unihan data for U+9CE9

Chinese

Wikipedia has articles on:

• 鳩鴿科 (Written Standard Chinese^?)
• Columbidae (English)

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 鳩
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ku) : phonetic 九 (OC *kuʔ) + semantic 鳥 (“bird”).

Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m-k(r)əw (“dove, pigeon”) (Benedict, 1974; Schuessler, 2007; STEDT). Compare Tibetan འང་གུ ('ang gu, “pigeon”), Proto-Loloish *m-krəw², Burmese ချိုး (hkyui:), Proto-Kuki-Chin *khruu.

In some southern Chinese dialects, 鳩／鸠 is pronounced with aspirated initial /kʰ/ due to taboo considerations.

Pronunciation

Definitions

鳩

1. pigeon; dove (family Columbidae)

   • 維鵲有巢，維鳩居之。之子于歸，百兩御之。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]
     维鹊有巢，维鸠居之。之子于归，百两御之。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11^th – 7^th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

     Wéi què yǒu cháo, wéi jiū jū zhī. Zhīzǐ yú guī, bǎi liàng yù zhī.

     The nest is the magpie's; the dove dwells in it. This young lady is going to her future home; a hundred carriages are meeting her.

2. (literary) to gather; to assemble
3. (Cantonese, Pingnan Min, vulgar) penis (sometimes especially erect) (Classifier: 轆／辘 c; 條／条 c)

   含鳩／含鸠 [Cantonese]  ―  ham⁴ gau¹   ―  to suck a dick

4. (Cantonese, vulgar) fucking (intensifier)

   乜鳩事呀你？ [Cantonese, trad.]
   乜鸠事呀你？ [Cantonese, simp.]

   mat¹ gau¹ si⁶ aa³ nei⁵?

   What the fuck is wrong with you?

5. (Cantonese, vulgar) Negates the meaning of the sentence.

   sor鳩ry呀！／sor鸠ry呀！ [Cantonese]  ―  so¹ gau¹ li⁴ aa³!   ―  so fucking sorry! (sarcastic)

6. (Cantonese, vulgar) stupid; dumb

   呢套戲真係好鳩。 [Cantonese, trad.]
   呢套戏真系好鸠。 [Cantonese, simp.]

   ni¹ tou³ hei³ zan¹ hai⁶ hou² gau¹.

   This movie is so fucking dumb.

7. (Cantonese, vulgar) recklessly

   鳩噏／鸠噏 [Cantonese]  ―  gau¹ ngap¹   ―  to talk shit

8. (Cantonese, vulgar) unseriously

   鳩做份功課／鸠做份功课 [Cantonese]  ―  gau¹ zou⁶ fan⁶ gung¹ fo³   ―  to do a piece of homework unseriously

9. (Cantonese, vulgar) without aim or plan

   鳩行咗成日／鸠行咗成日 [Cantonese]  ―  gau¹ haang⁴ zo² seng⁴ jat⁶   ―  to walk around aimlessly for the entire day

10. (Cantonese, vulgar) thoughtlessly

    鳩撳粒掣／鸠揿粒掣 [Cantonese]  ―  gau¹ gam⁶ lap¹ zai³   ―  to press a button repeatedly and thoughtlessly

11. (Cantonese, vulgar) unreasonably; lacking in reason

    一味鳩反／一味鸠反 [Cantonese]  ―  jat¹ mei^6-2 gau¹ faan²   ―  to indiscriminately oppose without reason

Synonyms

Compounds

Descendants

• →? Proto-Hmong: *ɴquᴬ (“pigeon”)

References

• “鳩”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

Readings

• Go-on: く (ku)
• Kan-on: きゅう (kyū)^{←きう (kiu, historical)}
• Kun: はと (hato, 鳩); あつめる (atsumeru, 鳩める)
• Nanori: やす (yasu)

Compounds

• 鳩尾(みぞおち) (mizoochi)
• 斑鳩(いかる) (ikaru), 斑鳩(いかるが) (ikaruga)

Etymology 1

Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:

ハト

Wikipedia ^ja

English Wikipedia has an article on:

Columba (genus)

Wikipedia

⟨pato₁⟩ → */patʷo/ → /ɸato/ → /hato/

From Old Japanese, appears in the Kojiki of 712 CE. In turn, from Proto-Japonic *pato.

Possibly ultimately from はたはた (hatahata), an onomatopoeia for the sound of a dove or pigeon's wings in flight.

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) は​と (Atamadaka – )
• IPA^(key):

This entry needs an audio pronunciation. If you are a native speaker with a microphone, please record this word. The recorded pronunciation will appear here when it's ready.

Noun

鳩(はと) or 鳩(ハト) • (hato) 

1. pigeon, dove (bird of genus Columba)

Usage notes

• As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as ハト.

Derived terms

Idioms

• 鳩(はと)が豆(まめ)鉄(てっ)砲(ぽう)を食(く)ったよう (hato ga mameteppō o kutta yō, “like a pigeon that ate a peashooter → dumbfounded, taken by surprise”)

Etymology 2

/kiu/ → /kʲuː/

From Middle Chinese 鳩 (MC kjuw).

Affix

鳩(きゅう) • (kyū) ^{←きう (kiu)?}

1. pigeon, dove
2. (by extension) gather together (from the way that pigeons flock together)

Derived terms

References

Korean

Hanja

鳩 • (gu) (hangeul 구, revised gu, McCune–Reischauer ku, Yale kwu)

1. pigeon, dove
2. collect, assemble

Vietnamese

Han character

鳩: Hán Nôm readings: cưu

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.