鴉

Translingual

Han character

鴉 (Kangxi radical 196, 鳥+4, 15 strokes, cangjie input 一竹竹日火 (MHHAF), four-corner 1722₇, composition ⿰牙鳥)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1484, character 12
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 46738
• Dae Jaweon: page 2016, character 12
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4618, character 14
• Unihan data for U+9D09

Chinese

Glyph origin

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qraː) : phonetic 牙 (OC *ŋraː) + semantic 鳥 (“bird”).

Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ka-n (“crow”). Doublet of 烏 (OC *qaː, “crow; raven”) . The Middle Chinese of 鴉 retains the earlier vowel.

Schuessler (2007) disputes Old Chinese reconstructions with medial *-r-, reasoning that 鴉's place among Division II syllables (often from Old Chinese syllables containing *-r-) results rather from archaism which preserves the original vowel's quality.

Pronunciation

Definitions

鴉

1. crow; raven

   • 民食芻豢，麋鹿食薦，蝍且甘帶，鴟鴉耆鼠，四者孰知正味？ [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     民食刍豢，麋鹿食荐，蝍且甘带，鸱鸦耆鼠，四者孰知正味？ [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Zhuangzi, circa 3^rd – 2^nd centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

     Mín shí chúhuàn, mílù shí jiàn, jíqiě gān dài, chīyā qí shǔ, sì zhě shú zhī zhèngwèi?

     Men eat animals that have been fed on grain and grass; elaphures feed on the thick-set grass; centipedes enjoy small snakes; owls and crows delight in mice; but does any one of the four know the right taste?

   • 枯藤老樹昏鴉，小橋流水人家。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     枯藤老树昏鸦，小桥流水人家。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: 13^th century – 14^th century, 馬致遠 (Ma Zhiyuan), 秋思 (Autumn Thoughts)

     Kūténg lǎoshù hūnyā, xiǎoqiáo liúshuǐ rénjiā.

     Withered vines, an old tree, evening crows; small bridges, flowing stream, family houses.

Synonyms

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

Readings

• Go-on: え (e)
• Kan-on: あ (a)
• Kun: からす (karasu, 鴉)

Compounds

• 鴉片(あへん) (ahen, “opium”)
• 鴉鷺(あろ) (aro, “crow and heron; black and white”)
• 寒鴉(かんあ) (kan'a, “winter crow”)
• 暁鴉(ぎょうあ) (gyōa, “crow cawing in the morning”)
• 宿鴉(しゅくあ) (shukua, “roosting crow”)
• 乱鴉(らんあ) (ran'a, “wildly flying crows”)

Etymology

Kikai

Kanji

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

Noun

鴉(がらさー) or 鴉(がるさー) (garasā or garusā) 

1. Alternative form of 烏

Korean

Hanja

鴉 • (a) (hangeul 아)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Northern Amami-Oshima

Kanji

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

Noun

鴉(からすぃ) (karasï) 

1. Alternative form of 烏

Oki-No-Erabu

Kanji

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

Noun

鴉(がらし) (garashi) 

1. Alternative form of 烏

Okinawan

Kanji

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

Noun

鴉(がらし) (garashi) 

1. Alternative form of 烏

Vietnamese

Han character

鴉: Hán Việt readings: nha
鴉: Nôm readings: a, ác

1. chữ Hán form of nha (“crow, raven”).
2. Nôm form of ác (“crow, raven”).

References

Yonaguni

Kanji

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

Noun

鴉(がらち) (garachi) 

1. Alternative form of 烏