黄
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Translingual
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Glyph origin
Han character
黄 (Kangxi radical 201, 黄+0, 11 strokes, cangjie input 廿中田金 (TLWC), composition ⿳龷由八(GHJV) or ⿳龷田八(T))
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: not present, would follow page 1516, character 4
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 47926
- Dae Jaweon: page 2048, character 1
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4596, character 1
- Unihan data for U+9EC4
Chinese
Glyph origin
| Historical forms of the character 黄 | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Shang | Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
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Definitions
| For pronunciation and definitions of 黄 – see 黃 (“yellow; yolk; etc.”). (This character is the simplified and variant form of 黃). |
Notes:
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Japanese
| 黄 | |
| 黃 |
Kanji
黄
(grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 黃)
Readings
- Go-on: おう (ō, Jōyō)←わう (wau, historical)
- Kan-on: こう (kō, Jōyō)←くわう (kwau, historical)
- Kun: き (ki, 黄, Jōyō); こ (ko, 黄, Jōyō †)
- Nanori: うい (ui); れい (rei)
Compounds
- 姜黄 (kyōō), 薑黄 (kyōō): wild turmeric
- 黄信号 (kishingō): yellow light
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 黄 |
| き Grade: 2 |
| kun’yomi |
| Alternative spelling |
|---|
| 黃 (kyūjitai) |
Etymology 1
From Proto-Japonic *koy.
Pronunciation
Adjective
黄 • (ki) -na (adnominal 黄な (ki na), adverbial 黄に (ki ni))
Inflection
Inflection of 黄
| Stem forms | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Imperfective (未然形) | 黄だろ | きだろ | ki daro |
| Continuative (連用形) | 黄で | きで | ki de |
| Terminal (終止形) | 黄だ | きだ | ki da |
| Attributive (連体形) | 黄な | きな | ki na |
| Hypothetical (仮定形) | 黄なら | きなら | ki nara |
| Imperative (命令形) | 黄であれ | きであれ | ki de are |
| Key constructions | |||
| Informal negative | 黄ではない 黄じゃない |
きではない きじゃない |
ki de wa nai ki ja nai |
| Informal past | 黄だった | きだった | ki datta |
| Informal negative past | 黄ではなかった 黄じゃなかった |
きではなかった きじゃなかった |
ki de wa nakatta ki ja nakatta |
| Formal | 黄です | きです | ki desu |
| Formal negative | 黄ではありません 黄じゃありません |
きではありません きじゃありません |
ki de wa arimasen ki ja arimasen |
| Formal past | 黄でした | きでした | ki deshita |
| Formal negative past | 黄ではありませんでした 黄じゃありませんでした |
きではありませんでした きじゃありませんでした |
ki de wa arimasen deshita ki ja arimasen deshita |
| Conjunctive | 黄で | きで | ki de |
| Conditional | 黄なら（ば） | きなら（ば） | ki nara (ba) |
| Provisional | 黄だったら | きだったら | ki dattara |
| Volitional | 黄だろう | きだろう | ki darō |
| Adverbial | 黄に | きに | ki ni |
| Degree | 黄さ | きさ | kisa |
| Stem forms | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Irrealis (未然形) | 黃なら | きなら | kinara | |
| Continuative (連用形) | 黃に 黃なり |
きに きなり |
kini kinari | |
| Terminal (終止形) | 黃なり | きなり | kinari | |
| Attributive (連体形) | 黃なる | きなる | kinaru | |
| Realis (已然形) | 黃なれ | きなれ | kinare | |
| Imperative (命令形) | 黃なれ | きなれ | kinare | |
| Key constructions | ||||
| Negative | 黃ならず | きならず | kinarazu | |
| Contrasting conjunction | 黃なれど | きなれど | kinaredo | |
| Causal conjunction | 黃なれば | きなれば | kinareba | |
| Conditional conjunction | 黃ならば | きならば | kinaraba | |
| Past tense (firsthand knowledge) | 黃なりき | きなりき | kinariki | |
| Past tense (secondhand knowledge) | 黃なりけり | きなりけり | kinarikeri | |
| Adverbial | 黃に | きに | kini | |
| Without auxiliary verb. With auxiliary verb. | ||||
Noun
Etymology 2
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 黄 |
| こう Grade: 2 |
| kan’on |
| Alternative spelling |
|---|
| 黃 (kyūjitai) |
From Middle Chinese 黃 (MC hwang).
The kan'on pronunciation, so likely a later borrowing.
Pronunciation
Affix
Etymology 3
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 黄 |
| おう Grade: 2 |
| goon |
| Alternative spelling |
|---|
| 黃 (kyūjitai) |
From Middle Chinese 黃 (MC hwang).
The goon pronunciation, so likely the initial borrowing.
Pronunciation
Affix
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN
Korean
Hanja
黄 • (hwang) (hangeul 황, revised hwang, McCune–Reischauer hwang, Yale hwang)