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See also: and 齿
U+9F52, 齒
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9F52

CJK Unified Ideographs
U+2FD2, ⿒
KANGXI RADICAL TOOTH

Kangxi Radicals

Translingual

Stroke order
Traditional
Shinjitai
Simplified 齿

Han character

(Kangxi radical 211, +0, 15 strokes, cangjie input 卜一山人人 (YMUOO), four-corner 21772, composition 𠚕)

  1. Kangxi radical #211, .
  2. Shuowen Jiezi radical №38

Derived characters

Descendants

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1532, character 8
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 48583
  • Dae Jaweon: page 2070, character 5
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4788, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+9F52

Chinese

trad.
simp. 齿
alternative forms

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character
Shang Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts

Pictogram (象形) – a mouth full of teeth. (zhī) or (zhǐ) was later added on top as a phonetic component.

Etymology

Unclear. Not related to Tibetan མཆེ་བ (mche ba, fang, tusk), which is cognate with 𱌺 (diān, eyetooth), but may be the same word as Proto-Min *kʰiᴮ (tooth). Another possibility is a derivation from an Austroasiatic etymon; Schuessler, 2007 (p.188) suggests a possible relationship to Khmer ខ្នាយ (khnaay, tusk, spur), as Austroasiatic medial /n/ is often deleted in loans.

Pronunciation


Note:
  • kī - vernacular;
  • chī - literary.
Note:
  • khí - vernacular;
  • chhí - literary.
Note:
  • ki2 - vernacular;
  • cin2 - literary.

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location
Mandarin Beijing /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩²¹⁴/
Harbin /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩²¹³/
Tianjin /t͡sʰz̩¹³/
Jinan /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵⁵/
Qingdao /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵⁵/
Zhengzhou /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵³/
Xi'an /t͡sʰz̩⁴⁴/
Xining /t͡sʰz̩⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵³/
Lanzhou /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁴⁴²/
Ürümqi /t͡sʰz̩⁵¹/
Wuhan /t͡sʰz̩⁴²/
Chengdu /t͡sʰz̩⁵³/
Guiyang /t͡sʰz̩²¹/
Kunming /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵³/
Nanjing /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩²¹²/
Hefei /t͡sʰʐ̩²⁴/
Jin Taiyuan /t͡sʰz̩⁵³/
Pingyao /sz̩⁵³/ 平~磨
/t͡sz̩⁵³/ ~輪兒
Hohhot /t͡sʰz̩⁵³/
Wu Shanghai /t͡sz̩³⁵/
Suzhou /t͡sʰz̩ʷ⁵¹/
Hangzhou /t͡sʰz̩⁵³/
Wenzhou /t͡sʰz̩³⁵/
Hui Shexian /t͡ɕʰi³⁵/
Tunxi /t͡ɕʰi³¹/
Xiang Changsha /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁴¹/
Xiangtan /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁴²/
Gan Nanchang /t͡sʰz̩²¹³/
Hakka Meixian /t͡sʰz̩³¹/
Taoyuan /tʃʰï³¹/
Cantonese Guangzhou /t͡sʰi³⁵/
Nanning /t͡sʰi³⁵/
Hong Kong /t͡sʰi³⁵/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /t͡sʰi⁵³/
/kʰi⁵³/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /kʰi³²/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /t͡sʰi²¹/
Shantou (Teochew) /kʰi⁵³/
Haikou (Hainanese) /xi²¹³/

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (24)
Final () (19)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter tsyhiX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/t͡ɕʰɨX/
Pan
Wuyun
/t͡ɕʰɨX/
Shao
Rongfen
/t͡ɕʰieX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/cʰɨX/
Li
Rong
/t͡ɕʰiəX/
Wang
Li
/t͡ɕʰĭəX/
Bernhard
Karlgren
/t͡ɕʰiX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
chǐ
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
ci2
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
chǐ
Middle
Chinese
‹ tsyhiX ›
Old
Chinese
/*t-ʰə(ŋ)ʔ/ (or *t.ŋ̊əʔ)
English front teeth

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 17302
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*kʰjɯʔ/

Definitions

  1. (anatomy) tooth
    齿  ―  chǐ  ―  tooth
  2. (figurative) tooth- or zigzag-like thing, such as a sawtooth, cogwheel, or fern
  3. (figurative) age (of a person or animal)
  4. to juxtapose; to put side by side
  5. to utter; to mention
  6. to employ; to take in
  7. (dialectal) to touch; to be in contact with
  8. (Xiang) pay attention, to be concerned with
    [Xiang, trad.]
    齿 [Xiang, simp.]
    nyi3 mo6 chr3 ta1 ziou5 shr5 di [Wiktionary]
    It would be better to not pay attention to him.
    [Xiang, trad.]
    齿 [Xiang, simp.]
    ngo3 zai2 lan3 chr3 de [Wiktionary]
    I'd rather not concern myself.

Synonyms

Compounds

References

Japanese

Shinjitai

Kyūjitai

Kanji

(Hyōgai kanjikyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form )

  1. tooth

Readings

  • Go-on: (shi)
  • Kan-on: (shi)
  • Kun: (ha, )

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese (MC tsyhiX). Recorded as Middle Korean 치〯 (chǐ) (Yale: chi) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

(eumhun (i chi))

  1. hanja form? of (tooth)

Compounds

References

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典.

Vietnamese

Han character

: Hán Việt readings: xỉ ((xương)(chỉ)(thiết))[1][2][3]
: Nôm readings: xỉ[1][2][4], xỉa[1][3][5], xẻ[3]

  1. chữ Hán form of xỉ (teeth).

References