龍

See also: 龙 and 竜

龍	U+9F8D, 龍 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9F8D

← 龌

CJK Unified Ideographs

龎 →

⿓	U+2FD3, ⿓ KANGXI RADICAL DRAGON

← ⿒

Kangxi Radicals

⿔ →

龍	U+F9C4, 龍 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F9C4

← 遼

CJK Compatibility Ideographs

暈 →

Translingual

Stroke order

Traditional	龍
Shinjitai	竜
Simplified	龙

Han character

龍 (Kangxi radical 212, 龍+0, 16 strokes, cangjie input 卜月卜尸心 (YBYSP), four-corner 0121₁, composition ⿰𦚏⿱⿺𠃑一⿺乚亖)

Kangxi radical #212, ⿓.
Shuowen Jiezi radical №427

Derived characters

Appendix:Chinese radical/龍
瀧, 爖, 瓏, 朧, 儱, 嚨, 壠, 巄, 徿, 攏, 曨, 櫳, 矓, 礲, 蠬, 襱, 豅, 贚, 躘, 鑨, 隴
䆍, 䌬, 䏊, 䡁, 䪊, 䮾, 𢤱, 𤜆, 𤳽, 𦢫, 𦪽, 𧲖, 𨏠, 𨳁, 𩟭, 𪐖, 𫲘, 𮙇, 𣰵, 𧾪, 𩙘
𪈗, 𫑰, 𫦞, 𫿤, 𦒮, 寵, 巃, 竉, 籠, 蘢, 靇, 𠖥, 𦌼, 𩰀, 𪔷, 𫅍
𡃡, 𡾩, 𢤲, 𢸭, 𤮨, 𦪿, 𨇘, 𪎁, 聾, 襲, 壟, 礱, 蠪, 讋, 驡, 鸗, 㰍, 龐, 𤼃

Related characters

竜 (Japanese shinjitai, also an ancient form of 龍)
龙 (Simplified Chinese)

Bailang

Etymology

Coblin, reconstructing the Bailang pronunciation as *gljung, suggests that it derives from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *kl(j)u(ŋ/k) (“river, gorge”) and retains its consonant cluster, which was lost in Proto-Lolo-Burmese. Compare Tibetan ལྗོངས (ljongs), Chinese 谷 (OC *kloːɡ).

Noun

龍 (*gljung)

gorge

References

W. South Coblin, "A New Study of the Pai-lang Songs" (1979), Tsing Hua Journal of Chinese Studies, 12:179–216
Christopher I. Beckwith, "The Pai-lang songs: The earliest texts in a Tibeto-Burman language and their Late Old Chinese transcriptions" (2008), in Medieval Tibeto-Burman Languages III

Chinese

trad.		龍
simp.		龙
alternative forms		㡣䮾／𩧪䰱竜龒㡣䮾／𩧪䰱竜龒𠉒𠊋𢀀𢄫𢅛𥪐𥪑𥪖𥪢𥫆𥫈𦱉𦱸

Wikipedia has articles on:

龍 (Written Standard Chinese^?)
龍 (Cantonese)
龍 (Classical)
龍 (Gan)
liùng (Hakka)
lṳ̀ng (Eastern Min)
lêng (Southern Min)
龙 (Wu)

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 龍
Shang		Western Zhou	Spring and Autumn	Warring States		Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions	Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Bronze inscriptions	Chu slip and silk script	Qin slip script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (龍) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
驡	ʔslaːŋʔ, roŋ
龐	*broːŋ
瀧	rroːŋ, sroːŋ, *roːŋ
籠	roːŋ, roːŋʔ, *roŋ
豅	*roːŋ
朧	roːŋ, roŋs
龓	roːŋ, roːŋʔ
聾	*roːŋ
礱	roːŋ, roːŋs
嚨	*roːŋ
蘢	roːŋ, roŋ
櫳	*roːŋ
襱	roːŋ, roːŋʔ, *r'oŋʔ
瓏	*roːŋ
曨	roːŋ, roːŋʔ
鸗	roːŋ, roŋ
蠪	*roːŋ
巃	*roːŋʔ
竉	*roːŋʔ
攏	*roːŋʔ
儱	roːŋʔ, roŋs
龍	b·roŋ, mroːŋ
躘	roŋ, roŋs
隴	*roŋʔ
壠	*roŋʔ
壟	*roŋʔ
寵	*r̥ʰoŋʔ
龏	kloŋ, kloŋs, *qroːɡ

Pictogram (象形) – originally a serpent with prominent whiskered mouth and eyes.

Current form developed in large seal script, with serpent’s body on right (tail at upper right, legs on right), whiskered/fanged mouth at lower left, and eyes/crown at upper left. Left side was subsequently simplified and abstracted, with some influence of 立 and ⺼/月. Note that 竜 existed as a traditional variant dating back to large seal script, and figures a dragon seen face-on, rather than curled around.

Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m-bru(ŋ/k) (“dragon; thunder”). Cognate with Tibetan འབྲུག ('brug, “dragon; thunder”). The STEDT database also lists 隆 (OC *ɡ·ruːŋ, “thunder; sound of thunder”) and 雹 (OC *bruːɡ, “hail”) as cognates. Also compare 靐 (OC *brɯŋs, “sound of thunder”) and 霹靂 (OC *pʰeːɡ reːɡ, “thunder”).

This word is found in many languages of the region. Compare Proto-Hmong-Mien *-roŋ (“dragon”) (White Hmong zaj), Proto-Vietic *-roːŋ (“dragon”) (Vietnamese rồng), Vietnamese thuồng luồng (“serpent-like monster”), Khmer រោង (roong, “year of the dragon”), Thai มะโรง (má-roong, “dragon; year of the dragon”), Lao ມະໂລງ (ma lōng, “year of the dragon”), perhaps also Old Turkic (*-lan, suffix denoting a wild, predatory animal) (Turkish aslan (“lion”), kaplan (“tiger”), yılan (“snake”)).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): lóng (long²)

(Zhuyin): ㄌㄨㄥˊ

(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): nong²

(Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): лун (lun, I)
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): lung⁴, lung^4-2

(Taishan, Wiktionary): luung³
Gan (Wiktionary): lung⁴
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): liùng

(Meixian, Guangdong): liung²
Jin (Wiktionary): lung¹
Northern Min (KCR): lê̤ng
Eastern Min (BUC): lṳ̀ng / lèng / liòng^→lùng
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): lêng / gêng / liâng / ngúi / liông

(Teochew, Peng'im): lêng⁵

(Leizhou, Leizhou Pinyin): liang⁵ / long⁵
Wu (Wugniu)
- (Northern): ⁶lon / ²lon
- (Jinhua): ²lon
Xiang
(Changsha, Wiktionary): long²

(Loudi, Wiktionary): neng²

(Hengyang, Wiktionary): leng²

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: lóng
  - Zhuyin: ㄌㄨㄥˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: lóng
  - Wade–Giles: lung²
  - Yale: lúng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: long
  - Palladius: лун (lun)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /lʊŋ³⁵/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: nong²
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: lung
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /noŋ²¹/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic and Wiktionary: лун (lun, I)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /luŋ²⁴/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: lung⁴, lung^4-2
  - Yale: lùhng, lúng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: lung⁴, lung^4-2
  - Guangdong Romanization: lung⁴, lung^4-2
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /lʊŋ²¹/, /lʊŋ²¹⁻³⁵/

Note: lung4-2 - "goal" and in 烏龍 (wu¹ lung^4-2).

- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: luung³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /lɵŋ²²/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: lung⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /luŋ³⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: liùng
  - Hakka Romanization System: liungˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: liung²
  - Sinological IPA: /li̯uŋ¹¹/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: liung²
  - Sinological IPA: /liʊŋ¹¹/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: lung¹
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /lũŋ¹¹/
Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: lê̤ng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /lœyŋ³³/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: lṳ̀ng / lèng / liòng^→lùng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /l̃yŋ⁵³/, /l̃ɛiŋ⁵³/, /l̃uŋ⁵³/

Note:

lṳ̀ng - literary;
lèng - vernacular (only used in 龍眼);
liòng > lùng - literary (only used in 龍船).

Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, Nan'an, Hui'an, Yongchun, Changtai, General Taiwanese, Singapore, Penang, Klang)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lêng
  - Tâi-lô: lîng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: leeng
  - IPA (Penang): /leŋ²³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Nan'an, Yongchun, Taipei): /liɪŋ²⁴/
  - IPA (Hui'an, Changtai, Singapore, Klang): /leŋ²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /liɪŋ²³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /liɪŋ¹³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Hsinchu, Lukang, Magong, Kinmen, Singapore)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gêng
  - Tâi-lô: gîng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: geeng
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɡiɪŋ²³/
  - IPA (Singapore): /ɡeŋ²⁴/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Tainan, Lukang, Kinmen): /ɡiɪŋ²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Taichung)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: liâng
  - Tâi-lô: liâng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: liaang
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ngúi
  - Tâi-lô: nguí
  - Phofsit Daibuun: nguie
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /ŋuĩ⁵⁵⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, Nan'an, Hui'an, Yongchun, Zhangpu, Changtai, Longyan, General Taiwanese, Singapore, Penang, Klang)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: liông
  - Tâi-lô: liông
  - Phofsit Daibuun: lioong
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /liɔŋ¹³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Nan'an, Hui'an, Yongchun, Changtai, Taipei, Singapore, Klang): /liɔŋ²⁴/
  - IPA (Longyan): /lioŋ¹¹/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung, Penang): /liɔŋ²³/
  - IPA (Zhangpu): /liɔŋ²¹³/

Note:

lêng - vernacular;
gêng/liâng/ngúi - vernacular (only used in 龍眼);
liông - literary.

(Teochew)
- Peng'im: lêng⁵
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: lêng
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /leŋ⁵⁵/
(Leizhou)
- Leizhou Pinyin: liang⁵ / long⁵
- Sinological IPA: /liaŋ²²/, /lɔŋ²²/

Note:

liang5 - vernacular;
long5 - literary.

Wu
- (Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁶lon
  - MiniDict: lon^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³lon
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /loŋ²³/
- (Jiading, Songjiang, Chongming, Suzhou, Changzhou, Jiaxing, Tongxiang, Haining, Haiyan, Hangzhou, Shaoxing, Ningbo)
  - Wugniu: ²lon
  - MiniDict: lon^平
  - Sinological IPA (Jiading): /loŋ³¹/
  - Sinological IPA (Songjiang): /loŋ³¹/
  - Sinological IPA (Chongming): /ɦloŋ²⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /loŋ²²³/
  - Sinological IPA (Changzhou): /loŋ¹³/
  - Sinological IPA (Jiaxing): /loŋ³¹/
  - Sinological IPA (Tongxiang): /lõ²²/
  - Sinological IPA (Haining): /lõ¹¹³/
  - Sinological IPA (Haiyan): /lõ³¹/
  - Sinological IPA (Hangzhou): /loŋ²³/
  - Sinological IPA (Shaoxing): /loŋ²³¹/
  - Sinological IPA (Ningbo): /loŋ³¹³/
- (Jinhua)
  - Wugniu: ²lon
  - Sinological IPA (Jinhua): /loŋ³¹³/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: long²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key) (old-style): /l̃ʊŋ¹³/
  - Sinological IPA ^(key) (new-style): /lən¹³/
- (Loudi)
  - Wiktionary: neng²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /nɤŋ¹³/
- (Hengyang)
  - Wiktionary: leng²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /lɤŋ¹¹/

Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 龍
Mandarin	Beijing	/luŋ³⁵/
	Harbin	/luŋ²⁴/
	Tianjin	/luŋ⁴⁵/
	Jinan	/luŋ⁴²/
	Qingdao	/ləŋ⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/luŋ⁴²/ /lyuŋ⁴²/
	Xi'an	/luŋ²⁴/
	Xining	/luə̃²⁴/
	Yinchuan	/luŋ⁵³/
	Lanzhou	/lũn⁵³/
	Ürümqi	/luŋ⁵¹/
	Wuhan	/noŋ²¹³/
	Chengdu	/noŋ³¹/
	Guiyang	/noŋ²¹/
	Kunming	/loŋ³¹/
	Nanjing	/loŋ²⁴/
	Hefei	/ləŋ⁵⁵/
Jin	Taiyuan	/luəŋ¹¹/
	Pingyao	/luŋ¹³/
	Hohhot	/lũŋ³¹/
Wu	Shanghai	/loŋ²³/
	Suzhou	/loŋ¹³/
	Hangzhou	/loŋ²¹³/
	Wenzhou	/liɛ³¹/
Hui	Shexian	/lʌ̃⁴⁴/
Hui	Tunxi	/lin⁴⁴/
Xiang	Changsha	/loŋ¹³/
Xiang	Xiangtan	/nən¹²/
Gan	Nanchang	/luŋ⁴⁵/
Hakka	Meixian	/liuŋ¹¹/
Hakka	Taoyuan	/lioŋ¹¹/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/loŋ²¹/
	Nanning	/luŋ²¹/
	Hong Kong	/luŋ²¹/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/liɔŋ³⁵/ /liŋ³⁵/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/lyŋ⁵³/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/lœyŋ³³/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/loŋ⁵⁵/ /leŋ⁵⁵/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/loŋ³¹/ /liaŋ³¹/

Middle Chinese: ljowng

Rime
Character	龍
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	鍾 (7)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	力鍾切
Baxter	ljowng
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/lɨoŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/lioŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/lioŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/luawŋ/
Li Rong	/lioŋ/
Wang Li	/lĭwoŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/li̯woŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	lóng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	lung⁴

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*-roŋ/

(Zhengzhang): /*b·roŋ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	龍
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	lóng
Middle Chinese	‹ ljowng ›
Old Chinese	/*-roŋ/
English	dragon
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be -t or -p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	龍
Reading #	1/2
No.	8436
Phonetic component	龍
Rime group	東
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	龍
Old Chinese	/*b·roŋ/

Definitions

龍

(mythology) Chinese dragon (Classifier: 條／条 m c h; 尾 mn)
(mythology) Western dragon
(figurative) emperor; sovereign; king; of the emperor
龍椅／龙椅 ― lóngyǐ ― imperial chair
(figurative) chief; hero; towering figure
(by extension) dragon-shaped object; long object
(by extension) dragon-adorned object
(zoology, paleontology) extinct reptilian creature; -saur
恐龍／恐龙 ― kǒnglóng ― dinosaur

翼手龍／翼手龙 ― yìshǒulóng ― pterodactyl
(Eastern Min) to become clear-minded; to be revitalised
(Cantonese, soccer and other sports) goal
(Cantonese, soccer and other sports) goalkeeper
(figurative) queue; line (Classifier: 條／条 c)
排長龍／排长龙 [Cantonese] ― paai⁴ coeng⁴ lung⁴ ― to form a long queue
(Hong Kong Cantonese, slang) money
(Hong Kong Cantonese, slang) snake meat
(Shanghainese, slang) a hundred of a currency designation
Synonym: 籠／笼
a surname
龍雲／龙云 ― Lóng Yún ― Long Yun (Yunnan warlord)

Compounds

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (龍):

→ Japanese: 竜(りゅう) (ryū)
→ Korean: 룡>용(龍) (ryong>yong)
→ Vietnamese: long (龍)

Others:

→ Indonesian: liong
→ Proto-Vietic: *-roːŋ
- Tho:
  - Cuoi Cham: ʐoŋ²
  - Lang Lo: ʐoŋ²
- Viet-Muong:
  - Muong: rồng
  - Middle Vietnamese: 蠬 (ròu᷄), 𧏵 (ròu᷄)
    - Vietnamese: rồng
→ Old Turkic: 𐰠𐰇 (lü)
- → Middle Mongol: ᠯᠤᠤ (luu)
  - Classical Mongolian: ᠯᠤᠤ (luu)
    - Mongolian: ᠯᠤᠤ／луу (luu)
→ Zhuang: lungz

References

“龍”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Shinjitai	竜
Kyūjitai	龍

Kanji

龍

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 竜)

Readings

Go-on: りゅう (ryū)^{←りゆう (ryuu, historical)}
Kan-on: りょう (ryō)^{←りよう (ryou, historical)}
Kan’yō-on: ろう (rō)^{←ろう (rou, historical)}
Kun: たつ (tatsu, 龍)
Nanori: かみ (kami); きみ (kimi); しげみ (shigemi); とお (tō); とおる (tōru); めぐむ (megumu)

Compounds

Usage notes

This kanji is the 旧字体 (kyūjitai) form of simplified 竜, itself as isolated 新字体 (shinjitai) kanji, but is used in Jōyō characters 襲 and 籠, with the latter categorized as Jōyō as of 2010.
Although it is officially simplified into 竜, 龍 is often used instead for certain words for its aesthetics (such as in literary contexts or for spelling words borrowed from Chinese). For example, 烏龍茶 (ūroncha, “oolong tea”) is rarely spelled as 烏竜茶.

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
龍
りゅう Jinmeiyō
goon

Alternative spelling
竜

From Middle Chinese 龍 (MC ljowng).

The 呉音 (goon, literally “Wu sound”) reading, so likely the initial borrowing from Middle Chinese.

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) りゅう (Atamadaka – )
IPA^(key):

Some dictionaries classify this reading as 慣用音 (kanyōon, literally “commonly-accepted sound”) instead of 呉音 (goon).

Noun

龍(りゅう) • (ryū)

Kyūjitai form of 竜: a Chinese dragon
Kyūjitai form of 竜: Synonym of ドラゴン (doragon): a Western dragon
Kyūjitai form of 竜: (shogi, colloquial) Short for 龍王 (ryūō): dragon king; promoted rook
a 家紋 (kamon, “family crest”) with a Chinese dragon design

Derived terms

Affix

龍(りゅう) • (ryū)

Kyūjitai form of 竜: dragon
Kyūjitai form of 竜: hero
Kyūjitai form of 竜: imperial
Kyūjitai form of 竜: dinosaur

Derived terms

Proper noun

龍(りゅう) • (Ryū)

(astronomy) Short for りゅう座 (Ryūza): the constellation Draco
a male given name
a surname

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
龍
りょう Jinmeiyō
kan’on

Alternative spelling
竜

From Middle Chinese 龍 (MC ljowng).

The 漢音 (kan'on, literally “Han sound”) reading, so likely a later borrowing from Middle Chinese.

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) りょー (Atamadaka – )
IPA^(key):

Noun

龍(りょう) • (ryō)

Kyūjitai form of 竜: (rare or in Chinese contexts) a Chinese dragon

Affix

龍(りょう) • (ryō)

Kyūjitai form of 竜: dragon
Kyūjitai form of 竜: hero
Kyūjitai form of 竜: imperial

Derived terms

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
龍
たつ Jinmeiyō
kun’yomi

Alternative spelling
竜

⟨tatu⟩ → /tat͡su/

From Old Japanese.

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) たつ (Heiban – )
IPA^(key):

Noun

龍(たつ) • (tatsu)

Kyūjitai form of 竜: (mythology) a Japanese dragon
- 938, Minamoto no Shitagō, Wamyō Ruijushō, volume 19:
  龍　文字集略云：「龍（力鍾反。和名：太都）四足五采甚有神靈者也。」白虎通云：「鱗虫三百六十六而龍爲之長也。」
  Dragon The Abbreviated Character Collection says: The Bai Hu Excerpts say:

Derived terms

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Alternative forms

竜

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 龍 (MC ljowng). Recorded as Middle Korean 료ᇰ (lyong) (Yale: lyong) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Pronunciation

(SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): ~
Phonetic hangul:

Hanja

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

龍

Wikisource

龍 (eumhun 미르 룡 (mireu ryong), South Korea 미르 용 (mireu yong))

Hanja form^? of 룡/용 (“dragon”).

Compounds

공룡(恐龍) (gongnyong, “dinosaur”)
등용문(登龍門) (deung'yongmun, “gateway”)
어룡(魚龍) (eoryong, “ichthyosaur”)
용대(龍台) (Yongdae, “Yongdae Gap”)
용두사미(龍頭蛇尾)／룡두사미(龍頭蛇尾) (yongdusami, “anticlimax”, literally “dragon head and snake tail”)
용문(龍門)／룡문(龍門) (yongmun, “dragon gate”)
용산(龍山) (Yongsan, “Yongsan city”)
용설란(龍舌蘭)／룡설란(龍舌蘭) (yongseollan, “agave; century plant”)
용수철(龍鬚鐵)／룡수철(龍鬚鐵) (yongsucheol, “spring”)
용왕(龍王)／룡왕(龍王) (yong'wang, “dragon king”)
용인(龍仁) (Yong'in, “Yongin city”)
익룡(翼龍) (ingnyong, “pterosaur”)
청룡(靑龍) (cheongnyong, “green dragon”)
흑룡강(黑龍江) (Heungnyonggang, “Amur river”)

References

국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

Old Japanese

Etymology

Possibly from the verb 立つ (tatu, “to rise, stand”).

Noun

龍 (tatu) (kana たつ)

a Japanese dragon

Usage notes

Also used once phonetically as a 借訓 (shakkun) for ⟨tatu⟩.

Derived terms

龍田 (Tatuta)
龍の馬 (tatu no₂ ma)

Descendants

Japanese: 竜, 龍 (tatsu)

Vietnamese

Alternative forms

竜

Han character

龍: Hán Việt readings: long (盧(lô)容(dung)切(thiết))
龍: Nôm readings: long, lung, lỏng, lúng, luông, luồng

chữ Hán form of long (“dragon”).
chữ Hán form of Long (“a male given name”).

Compounds

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 Bonet (1899).
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 Nguyễn (2014).
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 ^3.3 Nguyễn et al. (2009).
^ Trần (2004).
↑ ^5.0 ^5.1 Génibrel (1898).
↑ ^6.0 ^6.1 Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).
↑ ^7.0 ^7.1 ^7.2 ^7.3 Hồ (1976).

[DJR-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[bonet-2] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 Bonet (1899).

[tdcndg-3] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 Nguyễn (2014).

[tdcntd-4] 3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 ^3.3 Nguyễn et al. (2009).

[gdhn-5] Trần (2004).

[genibrel-6] 5.0 ^5.1 Génibrel (1898).

[taberd-7] 6.0 ^6.1 Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).

[btcn-8] 7.0 ^7.1 ^7.2 ^7.3 Hồ (1976).

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