First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean 굵〯다〮 (Yale: kwǔlk-tá).
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | gukda |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | gulgda |
| McCune–Reischauer? | kukta |
| Yale Romanization? | kwūlkta |
굵다 • (gukda) (infinitive 굵어, sequential 굵으니)
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 굵다 gukda |
굵어 gulgeo |
굵어요 gulgeoyo |
굵습니다 gukseumnida |
| Past | 굵었다 gulgeotda |
굵었어 gulgeosseo |
굵었어요 gulgeosseoyo |
굵었습니다 gulgeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 굵으냐 gulgeunya |
굵어 gulgeo |
굵어요 gulgeoyo |
굵습니까 gukseumnikka |
| Past | 굵었냐 gulgeonnya |
굵었어 gulgeosseo |
굵었어요 gulgeosseoyo |
굵었습니까 gulgeotseumnikka | |
| Assertive | 굵겠다 gulgetda |
굵겠어 gulgesseo |
굵겠어요 gulgesseoyo |
굵겠습니다 gulgetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 굵어 gulgeo |
굵어서 gulgeoseo |
굵으니 gulgeuni |
굵으니까 gulgeunikka | |
| Contrast | 굵지만 gukjiman |
굵은데 gulgeunde |
굵더니 gukdeoni |
||
| Conjunction | 굵고 gulgo |
||||
| Condition | 굵으면 gulgeumyeon |
굵어야 gulgeoya |
|||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 굵음 gulgeum |
굵기 gulgi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 굵었음 gulgeosseum |
굵었기 gulgeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Present | 굵은 gulgeun | |||
| Future | 굵을 gulgeul | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plain (해라체) | Informal (해체) | Polite (해요체) | Formal (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 굵으시다 gulgeusida |
굵으셔 gulgeusyeo |
굵으세요, 굵으셔요 gulgeuseyo, gulgeusyeoyo |
굵으십니다 gulgeusimnida |
| Past | 굵으셨다 gulgeusyeotda |
굵으셨어 gulgeusyeosseo |
굵으셨어요 gulgeusyeosseoyo |
굵으셨습니다 gulgeusyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 굵으시냐 gulgeusinya |
굵으셔 gulgeusyeo |
굵으세요, 굵으셔요 gulgeuseyo, gulgeusyeoyo |
굵으십니까 gulgeusimnikka |
| Past | 굵으셨냐 gulgeusyeonnya |
굵으셨어 gulgeusyeosseo |
굵으셨어요 gulgeusyeosseoyo |
굵으셨습니까 gulgeusyeotseumnikka | |
| Assertive | 굵으시겠다 gulgeusigetda |
굵으시겠어 gulgeusigesseo |
굵으시겠어요 gulgeusigesseoyo |
굵으시겠습니다 gulgeusigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 굵으셔 gulgeusyeo |
굵으셔서 gulgeusyeoseo |
굵으시니 gulgeusini |
굵으시니까 gulgeusinikka | |
| Contrast | 굵으시지만 gulgeusijiman |
굵으신데 gulgeusinde |
굵으시더니 gulgeusideoni |
||
| Conjunction | 굵으시고 gulgeusigo |
||||
| Condition | 굵으시면 gulgeusimyeon |
굵으셔야 gulgeusyeoya |
|||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 굵으심 gulgeusim |
굵으시기 gulgeusigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 굵으셨음 gulgeusyeosseum |
굵으셨기 gulgeusyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Present | 굵으신 gulgeusin | |||
| Future | 굵으실 gulgeusil | ||||
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
굵〯다〮 (kwǔlktá)