나가다

First attested in the Worin seokbo (月印釋譜 / 월인석보), 1459, as Middle Korean 나〮가다〮 (Yale: ná-kà-tá), equivalent to 나 (na, infinitive of 나다 (nada, “to move out”)) +‎ 가다 (gada, “to go”).

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key):

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• Phonetic hangul:

나가다 • (nagada) (infinitive 나가, sequential 나가니) (transitive, intransitive)

1. (literal, figurative) to go out; (contextually) to leave

   Coordinate terms: 들어가다 (deureogada, “to go in”), 나오다 (naoda, “to come out”)

   방에서 나가다 ― bang-eseo nagada ― to leave the room

   집을 나가다 ― jib-eul nagada ― to leave home

   일터로 나가다 ― ilteo-ro nagada ― to go out to work

   마실을 나가다 ― masir-eul nagada ― to go out for a neighborhood stroll

2. Alternative form of 나아가다 (naagada, “to go forth, to go forward”).

   앞으로 나가다 ― ap-euro nagada ― to go forward

   • 1968, “Song of the Korean People's Army”, Ri Beom-su (lyrics), Ra Guk (music):

     나가자 조선인민군!
     일당백 용맹을 떨치며!

     Nagaja joseoninmin'gun!
     ildangbaek yongmaeng-eul tteolchimyeo!

     March forward, Korean People's Army!
     Show off our bravery is a match for a hundred men!

3. (by extension) to be disseminated, to spread outwards

   Coordinate term: 나오다 (naoda)

   이 소문이 나가면 우리 모두 큰일이다. ― I somun-i nagamyeon uri modu keunir-ida. ― If this rumor spreads, we are all in trouble.

4. (by extension) to participate, to attend

   매일밤 클럽에 나간다 ― maeilbam keulleob-e naganda ― s/he goes out to the nightclub every night

   군인이 전쟁터에 나가다 ― gunin-i jeonjaengteo-e nagada ― for the soldier to go out to the battlefield

   대학생이 사회로 나가다 ― daehaksaeng-i sahoe-ro nagada ― for the university student to enter the adult world

5. (with a modifying adverb) to perform a task (in such a way)

   너무 세게 나가지 마. ― Neomu sege nagaji ma. ― Don't do things too harshly.

6. (by extension) to weigh

   몸무게가 너무 많이 나간다 ― mommuge-ga neomu mani naganda ― weigh too much

7. (by extension) to cost

   이 가방은 1억원 나간다 ― i gabang-eun ireogwon naganda ― This bag costs one hundred million Won.

8. (by extension) to become defective; (of clothes) to become worn out; (of body parts) to become injured

   컴퓨터가 나갔어 ― keompyuteo-ga nagasseo ― the computer malfunctioned

   전기가 나갔어 ― jeon'gi-ga nagasseo ― there's a power outage (literally, “the electricity left”)

   이빨이 나갔어 ― ippar-i nagasseo ― teeth fell out

9. (by extension) to proceed; (of studying) to cover

   시험 범위를 다 나갔다 ― siheom beomwi-reul da nagatda ― covered/revised all of the material for the exam

10. (with the infinitive 어/아 (eo/a)) to purposefully continue (to a satisfactory conclusion)

    일을 해나가다 ― ir-eul haenagada ― to keep working