돈

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돈 U+B3C8, 돈
HANGUL SYLLABLE DON
Composition:ㄷ + ㅗ + ㄴ
← 돇
 		Hangul Syllables 돉 →
도독돆돇돈돉돊
돋돌돍돎돏돐돑
돒돓돔돕돖돗돘
동돚돛돜돝돞돟
뎨 ←→ 돠

Korean

Etymology

First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean 돈〯 (Yale: twǒn).

The etymology beyond Middle Korean is unknown. Native etymologies have been hypothesized, such as an 隱 (*-n) nominalization from 되다 (doeda, “to measure in containers”). Others have speculated a pre-Sino-Korean or nativised Chinese etymon, perhaps from a phrase involving 刀 (OC *taːw, “knife”) such as 刀銀 (OC *taːw ŋrɯn, “knife silver”), Chinese knife money being the first form of coinage in Korea, or alternately from 錢 (OC *ʔslenʔ, *zlen, “money”).

There is a pervasive but spurious folk etymology connecting it to 돌— (dol-, “to spin around, to circulate”), hence "that which is circulated".

Pronunciation

  • Audio(file)
  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key):
  • Phonetic hangul:
    • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
Romanizations
Revised Romanization?don
Revised Romanization (translit.)?don
McCune–Reischauer?ton
Yale Romanization?tōn
  • South Gyeongsang (Busan) pitch accent: 돈의 / 돈에 / 돈까지

    Syllables in red take high pitch. This word always takes low pitch, and heightens the pitch of two subsequent suffixed syllables.

Noun

돈 • (don)

  1. money
    그 여자는 돈 많은 영화 배우이다.
    Geu yeoja-neun don maneun yeonghwa bae'u-ida.
    She is a film star with a lot of money.
    돈을 안 쓰고 절약하기만 하면 사회에 돈이 안 돌아 혈관에 피가 막히듯이 경제가 죽고 만다.
    Don-eul an sseugo jeoryakhagi-man hamyeon sahoe-e don-i an dora hyeolgwan-e pi-ga makhi-deusi gyeongje-ga jukgo manda.
    If you only save money without spending it, the economy will die like stuck blood in your veins.
  2. (units of measure) a don, a Korean unit of weight equivalent to about 4 g
    그 반지는 3돈 정도 한다. ― Geu banji-neun sedon jeongdo handa. ― The gold ring weighs about three don.

Derived terms

  • 돈궤 (—櫃, don'gwe, “cash box”)
  • 돈놀이 (donnori, “money-lending”)
  • 돈독 (—毒, dondok, “crave for money”)
  • 돈맛 (donmat, “taste, love of money”)
  • 돈벌이 (donbeori, “money-making”)
  • 돈벼락 (donbyeorak, “sudden wealth”)
  • 돈복 (—福, donbok, “luck in making money”)
  • 돈주머니 (donjumeoni, “purse, money bag”)
  • 돈줄 (donjul, “source of financial support”)
  • 돈지갑 (—紙匣, donjigap, “purse”)
  • 돈푼 (donpun, “little money”)
  • 목돈 (mokdon, “round sum of money”)
  • 용돈 (用—, yongdon, “pocket money”)
  • 웃돈 (utdon, “premium”)
  • 잔돈 (jandon, “change, small money”)

See also

  • 錢 (jeon), 貨 (hwa), 金 (geum) (hanja used to form compounds related with money)

References

  • Han'gukhak nonjip‎, volume 20, 1993, page 68−77
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