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Korean
Etymology
First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean 돈〯 (Yale: twǒn).
The etymology beyond Middle Korean is unknown. Native etymologies have been hypothesized, such as an 隱 (*-n) nominalization from 되다 (doeda, “to measure in containers”). Others have speculated a pre-Sino-Korean or nativised Chinese etymon, perhaps from a phrase involving 刀 (OC *taːw, “knife”) such as 刀銀 (OC *taːw ŋrɯn, “knife silver”), Chinese knife money being the first form of coinage in Korea, or alternately from 錢 (OC *ʔslenʔ, *zlen, “money”).
There is a pervasive but spurious folk etymology connecting it to 돌— (dol-, “to spin around, to circulate”), hence "that which is circulated".
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key):
- Phonetic hangul:
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
| Romanizations |
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| Revised Romanization? | don |
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| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | don |
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| McCune–Reischauer? | ton |
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| Yale Romanization? | tōn |
|---|
Noun
돈 • (don)
- money
그 여자는 돈 많은 영화 배우이다.- Geu yeoja-neun don maneun yeonghwa bae'u-ida.
- She is a film star with a lot of money.
돈을 안 쓰고 절약하기만 하면 사회에 돈이 안 돌아 혈관에 피가 막히듯이 경제가 죽고 만다.- Don-eul an sseugo jeoryakhagi-man hamyeon sahoe-e don-i an dora hyeolgwan-e pi-ga makhi-deusi gyeongje-ga jukgo manda.
- If you only save money without spending it, the economy will die like stuck blood in your veins.
- (units of measure) a don, a Korean unit of weight equivalent to about 4 g
- 그 반지는 3돈 정도 한다. ― Geu banji-neun sedon jeongdo handa. ― The gold ring weighs about three don.
Derived terms
- 돈궤(櫃) (don'gwe, “cash box”)
- 돈놀이 (donnori, “money-lending”)
- 돈독(毒) (dondok, “crave for money”)
- 돈맛 (donmat, “taste, love of money”)
- 돈벌이 (donbeori, “money-making”)
- 돈벼락 (donbyeorak, “sudden wealth”)
- 돈복(福) (donbok, “luck in making money”)
- 돈주머니 (donjumeoni, “purse, money bag”)
- 돈줄 (donjul, “source of financial support”)
- 돈지갑(紙匣) (donjigap, “purse”)
- 돈푼 (donpun, “little money”)
- 목돈 (mokdon, “round sum of money”)
- 용(用)돈 (yongdon, “pocket money”)
- 웃돈 (utdon, “premium”)
- 잔돈 (jandon, “change, small money”)
See also
- 錢 (jeon), 貨 (hwa), 金 (geum) (hanja used to form compounds related with money)
References
- Han'gukhak nonjip, volume 20, 1993, page 68−77