자주

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Korean

Etymology 1

First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean ᄌᆞ조〮 (Yale: còcwó), originally a derived adverb of Middle Korean ᄌᆞᆽ다〮 (Yale: còc-tá) (whence also 잦다 (jatda)) with adverbial suffix 오 (Yale: -wo), but rarely perceived as such by modern speakers.

Pronunciation

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?jaju
Revised Romanization (translit.)?jaju
McCune–Reischauer?chaju
Yale Romanization?cacwu

Adverb

자주 • (jaju)

  1. often, frequently
    너가 너무 자주 아파서 엄마가 걱정돼. ― Neo-ga neomu jaju apaseo eomma-ga geokjeongdwae. ― I am worried because you get sick too often.
Derived terms

See also

Etymology 2

Sino-Korean word from 自主, from 自 (“oneself”) + 主 (“to own, to host; master, lord”).

Pronunciation

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?jaju
Revised Romanization (translit.)?jaju
McCune–Reischauer?chaju
Yale Romanization?cacwu

Noun

Derived verbs
Active 자주하다

자주 • (jaju) (hanja 自主)

  1. independence, autonomy
Derived terms

Etymology 3

Sino-Korean word from 紫 (“purple”) + 朱 (“cinnabar, vermilion; scarlet, red”).

Pronunciation

  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key):
  • Phonetic hangul:
    • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
Romanizations
Revised Romanization?jaju
Revised Romanization (translit.)?jaju
McCune–Reischauer?chaju
Yale Romanization?cācwu

Noun

자주 • (jaju) (hanja 紫朱)

  1. violet; amethyst
    자주:    
  2. purple; claret
    자주:    
Synonyms
Derived terms

Etymology 4

Sino-Korean word from 慈 (“mother”) + 主 (“master, mistress; you”).

Pronunciation

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?jaju
Revised Romanization (translit.)?jaju
McCune–Reischauer?chaju
Yale Romanization?cacwu

Noun

자주 • (jaju) (hanja 慈主)

  1. (archaic Literary Chinese-style Korean) mother
    Synonym: (usual formal word) 어머님 (eomeonim)

Etymology 5

Sino-Korean word from 自 (“oneself”) + 註 (“comment, note, annotation”).

Pronunciation

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?jaju
Revised Romanization (translit.)?jaju
McCune–Reischauer?chaju
Yale Romanization?cacwu

Noun

Derived verbs
Active 자주하다

자주 • (jaju) (hanja 自註)

  1. (literary studies) self-footnote, self-annotation, note written on one's own writing
  2. (literary studies) act of writing a footnote, annotation, note on one's own writing

Etymology 6

Sino-Korean word from 自 (“oneself”) + 做 (“to do; to make”).

Pronunciation

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?jaju
Revised Romanization (translit.)?jaju
McCune–Reischauer?chaju
Yale Romanization?cacwu

Noun

Derived verbs
Active 자주하다

자주 • (jaju) (hanja 自做)

  1. (uncommon) Synonym of 자작(自作) (jajak)
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