First attested in the Seokbong cheonjamun (石峰千字文 / 석봉천자문), 1583, as Middle Korean ᄎᆞᆷ되다 (Yale: chom-twoyta).
참 (cham, “truth”) + 되다 (-doeda, “to become”, light verb deriving adjectives).
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | chamdoeda |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | chamdoeda |
| McCune–Reischauer? | ch'amtoeda |
| Yale Romanization? | chamqtoyta |
참되다 • (chamdoeda) (infinitive 참돼 or 참되어, sequential 참되니)
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 참되다 chamdoeda |
참돼 chamdwae |
참돼요, 참되어요 chamdwaeyo, chamdoeeoyo |
참됩니다 chamdoemnida |
| Past | 참됐다 chamdwaetda |
참됐어 chamdwaesseo |
참됐어요 chamdwaesseoyo |
참됐습니다 chamdwaetseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 참되냐 chamdoenya |
참돼 chamdwae |
참돼요, 참되어요 chamdwaeyo, chamdoeeoyo |
참됩니까 chamdoemnikka |
| Past | 참됐냐 chamdwaennya |
참됐어 chamdwaesseo |
참됐어요 chamdwaesseoyo |
참됐습니까 chamdwaetseumnikka | |
| Assertive | 참되겠다 chamdoegetda |
참되겠어 chamdoegesseo |
참되겠어요 chamdoegesseoyo |
참되겠습니다 chamdoegetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 참돼 chamdwae |
참돼서, 참되어서 chamdwaeseo, chamdoeeoseo |
참되니 chamdoeni |
참되니까 chamdoenikka | |
| Contrast | 참되지만 chamdoejiman |
참된데 chamdoende |
참되더니 chamdoedeoni |
||
| Conjunction | 참되고 chamdoego |
||||
| Condition | 참되면 chamdoemyeon |
참돼야, 참되어야 chamdwaeya, chamdoeeoya |
|||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 참됨 chamdoem |
참되기 chamdoegi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 참됐음, 참되었음 chamdwaesseum, chamdoeeosseum |
참됐기, 참되었기 chamdwaetgi, chamdoeeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Present | 참된 chamdoen | |||
| Future | 참될 chamdoel | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plain (해라체) | Informal (해체) | Polite (해요체) | Formal (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 참되시다 chamdoesida |
참되셔 chamdoesyeo |
참되세요, 참되셔요 chamdoeseyo, chamdoesyeoyo |
참되십니다 chamdoesimnida |
| Past | 참되셨다 chamdoesyeotda |
참되셨어 chamdoesyeosseo |
참되셨어요 chamdoesyeosseoyo |
참되셨습니다 chamdoesyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 참되시냐 chamdoesinya |
참되셔 chamdoesyeo |
참되세요, 참되셔요 chamdoeseyo, chamdoesyeoyo |
참되십니까 chamdoesimnikka |
| Past | 참되셨냐 chamdoesyeonnya |
참되셨어 chamdoesyeosseo |
참되셨어요 chamdoesyeosseoyo |
참되셨습니까 chamdoesyeotseumnikka | |
| Assertive | 참되시겠다 chamdoesigetda |
참되시겠어 chamdoesigesseo |
참되시겠어요 chamdoesigesseoyo |
참되시겠습니다 chamdoesigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 참되셔 chamdoesyeo |
참되셔서 chamdoesyeoseo |
참되시니 chamdoesini |
참되시니까 chamdoesinikka | |
| Contrast | 참되시지만 chamdoesijiman |
참되신데 chamdoesinde |
참되시더니 chamdoesideoni |
||
| Conjunction | 참되시고 chamdoesigo |
||||
| Condition | 참되시면 chamdoesimyeon |
참되셔야 chamdoesyeoya |
|||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 참되심 chamdoesim |
참되시기 chamdoesigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 참되셨음 chamdoesyeosseum |
참되셨기 chamdoesyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Present | 참되신 chamdoesin | |||
| Future | 참되실 chamdoesil | ||||