πŒŠπŒ€πŒ”πŒ•πŒ“πŒ–πŒ…πŒ–πŒš

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Umbrian

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *kastrus, from Proto-Indo-European *αΈ±es-. Cognate with Latin castrum, from Proto-Italic *kastrom.

Noun

πŒŠπŒ€πŒ”πŒ•πŒ“πŒ–πŒ…πŒ–πŒš β€’ (kastruvuf) (accusative plural) (early Iguvine)

  1. The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include:
    1. field, possession, estate
    2. head, life
      πŒŒπŒ–πŒπŒ„πŒŠπŒ‹πŒ– πŒ‡πŒ€πŒπŒ‰πŒ€ πŒπŒ–πŒŒπŒ„πŒ“ πŒπŒ“πŒ„πŒ…πŒ„πŒ“ πŒπŒ–πŒ”πŒ•πŒ‰ πŒŠπŒ€πŒ”πŒ•πŒ“πŒ–πŒ…πŒ–πŒš
      muneklu habia numer prever pusti kastruvuf
      shall receive a donation a single
      Fisier, totar Iouinar nome, nerf, arsmo, ueiro, pequo, castruo, fri pihatu
      ...of the Fisian Mount?], of the state of Iguvium, purify the magistrates, the priesthoods, the lives of men and of beasts, the fruits.

Usage notes

The term is generally used to refer to the substance according to which a payment is made. In some circumstances, it may refer to payment per capita, or per each individual. However, in other circumstances, it appears to reference payment according to property or fields.

Notes

  1. ^ Perhaps "pequo castruo" means " individual animal" or, more literally, " head of animals." This could be rendered into Latin as "pecuum capita."

References

  • De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, β†’ISBN, page 97
  • Buck, Carl Darling (1904) A Grammar of Oscan and Umbrian: With a Collection of Inscriptions and a Glossary
  • Poultney, James Wilson (1959) The Bronze Tables of Iguviumβ€Ž, Baltimore: American Philological Association
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