πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½

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Gothic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *bisatjanΔ…; cognate with English beset, Dutch bezetten, and German besetzen. By surface analysis, 𐌱𐌹- (bi-) +‎ πƒπŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½ (satjan).

Pronunciation

Verb

πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½ β€’ (bisatjan)

  1. to put up around, surround with
    • 4th century C.E., Wulfila (attributed), Gothic Bible, Mark 12:1:
      π…πŒ΄πŒΉπŒ½πŒ°πŒ²πŒ°π‚πŒ³ πŒΏπƒπƒπŒ°π„πŒΉπŒ³πŒ° 𐌼𐌰𐌽𐌽𐌰 𐌾𐌰𐌷 πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ°π„πŒΉπŒ³πŒ° 𐌹𐌽𐌰 π†πŒ°πŒΈπ‰πŒΌ 𐌾𐌰𐌷 πŒΏπƒπŒ²π‚π‰π† 𐌳𐌰𐌻 πŒΏπ† πŒΌπŒ΄πƒπŒ° 𐌾𐌰𐌷 πŒ²πŒ°π„πŒΉπŒΌπ‚πŒΉπŒ³πŒ° 𐌺𐌴𐌻𐌹𐌺𐌽 𐌾𐌰𐌷 πŒ°πŒ½πŒ°π†πŒ°πŒ»πŒ· 𐌹𐌽𐌰 π…πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πƒπ„π…πŒΎπŒ°πŒΌ 𐌾𐌰𐌷 πŒ°π†πŒ»πŒ°πŒΉπŒΈ 𐌰𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌸.
      weinagard ussatida manna jah bisatida ina faþōm jah usgrōf dal uf mΔ“sa jah gatimrida kΔ“likn jah anafalh ina waurstwjam jah aflaiΓΎ aljaΓΎ.
      A certain man planted a vineyard, and set an hedge about it, and digged a place for the winefat, and built a tower, and let it out to husbandmen, and went into a far country. (KJV)

Conjugation

Class 1 weak
Infinitive πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½
bisatjan
Indicative Present Past Present passive
1st singular πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°
bisatja 		πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ°π„πŒΉπŒ³πŒ°
bisatida 		πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒ³πŒ°
bisatjada
2nd singular πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ°π„πŒΎπŒΉπƒ
bisatjis 		πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ°π„πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πƒ
bisatidΔ“s 		πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒΆπŒ°
bisatjaza
3rd singular πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ°π„πŒΎπŒΉπŒΈ
bisatjiΓΎ 		πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ°π„πŒΉπŒ³πŒ°
bisatida 		πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒ³πŒ°
bisatjada
1st dual πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ°π„πŒΎπ‰πƒ
bisatjōs 		πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ°π„πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΏ
bisatidΔ“du 		—
2nd dual πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°π„πƒ
bisatjats 		πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ°π„πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΏπ„πƒ
bisatidΔ“duts 		—
1st plural πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒΌ
bisatjam 		πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ°π„πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΏπŒΌ
bisatidΔ“dum 		πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°
bisatjanda
2nd plural πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ°π„πŒΎπŒΉπŒΈ
bisatjiΓΎ 		πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ°π„πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΏπŒΈ
bisatidΔ“duΓΎ 		πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°
bisatjanda
3rd plural πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³
bisatjand 		πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ°π„πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΏπŒ½
bisatidΔ“dun 		πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°
bisatjanda
Subjunctive Present Past Present passive
1st singular πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒΏ
bisatjau 		πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ°π„πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΎπŒ°πŒΏ
bisatidΔ“djau 		πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
bisatjaidau
2nd singular πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπƒ
bisatjais 		πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ°π„πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπƒ
bisatidΔ“deis 		πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒΆπŒ°πŒΏ
bisatjaizau
3rd singular πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉ
bisatjai 		πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ°π„πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΉ
bisatidΔ“di 		πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
bisatjaidau
1st dual πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπ…πŒ°
bisatjaiwa 		πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ°π„πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπ…πŒ°
bisatidΔ“deiwa 		—
2nd dual πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπ„πƒ
bisatjaits 		πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ°π„πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπ„πƒ
bisatidΔ“deits 		—
1st plural πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒΌπŒ°
bisatjaima 		πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ°π„πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπŒΌπŒ°
bisatidΔ“deima 		πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
bisatjaindau
2nd plural πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒΈ
bisatjaiΓΎ 		πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ°π„πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπŒΈ
bisatidΔ“deiΓΎ 		πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
bisatjaindau
3rd plural πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ°
bisatjaina 		πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ°π„πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπŒ½πŒ°
bisatidΔ“deina 		πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
bisatjaindau
Imperative
2nd singular πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ°π„πŒ΄πŒΉ
bisatei
3rd singular πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
bisatjadau
2nd dual πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°π„πƒ
bisatjats
2nd plural πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ°π„πŒΎπŒΉπŒΈ
bisatjiΓΎ
3rd plural πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
bisatjandau
Present Past
Participles πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ°π„πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πƒ
bisatjands 		πŒ±πŒΉπƒπŒ°π„πŒΉπŒΈπƒ
bisatiΓΎs

Further reading

  • Streitberg, Wilhelm (1910). Die gotische Bibel. Zweiter Teil: Gotisch-griechisch-deutsches WΓΆrterbuch. Heidelberg: Carl Winter’s UniversitΓ€tsbuchhandlung, p. 117
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