𐌲𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌾𐌰𐌽

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Gothic

Etymology

𐌲𐌰- (ga-) +‎ πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏπ†πƒ (daufs, β€œhardened”) +‎ -𐌾𐌰𐌽 (-jan)

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /Ι‘aˈdɔːbjan/,

Verb

𐌲𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌾𐌰𐌽 β€’ (gadaubjan)

  1. to harden, make callous
    • John 12:40:
      𐌲𐌰𐌱𐌻𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌹𐌳𐌰 𐌹𐌢𐌴 πŒ°πŒΏπŒ²π‰πŒ½πŒ° 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌲𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌹𐌳𐌰 𐌹𐌢𐌴 πŒ·πŒ°πŒΉπ‚π„π‰πŒ½πŒ°, 𐌴𐌹 𐌽𐌹 𐌲𐌰𐌿𐌼𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰 𐌰𐌿𐌲𐌰𐌼 𐌾𐌰𐌷 π†π‚π‰πŒΈπŒ΄πŒΉπŒ½πŒ° πŒ·πŒ°πŒΉπ‚π„πŒΉπŒ½ 𐌾𐌰𐌷 πŒ²πŒ°π…πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπŒ½πŒ° 𐌾𐌰𐌷 πŒ²πŒ°πŒ½πŒ°πƒπŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΎπŒ°πŒΏ πŒΉπŒ½πƒ.
      gablindida izΔ“ augōna jah gadaubida izΔ“ hairtōna, ei ni gaumidΔ“deina augam jah frōþeina hairtin jah gawandidΔ“deina jah ganasidΔ“djau ins.
      He hath blinded their eyes, and hardened their heart; that they should not see with their eyes, nor understand with their heart, and be converted, and I should heal them. (KJV)

Conjugation

Class 1 weak
Infinitive 𐌲𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌾𐌰𐌽
gadaubjan
Indicative Present Past Present passive
1st singular 𐌲𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌾𐌰
gadaubja 		𐌲𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌹𐌳𐌰
gadaubida 		𐌲𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌾𐌰𐌳𐌰
gadaubjada
2nd singular πŒ²πŒ°πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏπŒ±πŒ΄πŒΉπƒ
gadaubeis 		πŒ²πŒ°πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏπŒ±πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πƒ
gadaubidΔ“s 		𐌲𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌾𐌰𐌢𐌰
gadaubjaza
3rd singular 𐌲𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌴𐌹𐌸
gadaubeiþ 		𐌲𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌹𐌳𐌰
gadaubida 		𐌲𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌾𐌰𐌳𐌰
gadaubjada
1st dual πŒ²πŒ°πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏπŒ±πŒΎπ‰πƒ
gadaubjōs 		𐌲𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿
gadaubidΔ“du 		—
2nd dual πŒ²πŒ°πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏπŒ±πŒΎπŒ°π„πƒ
gadaubjats 		πŒ²πŒ°πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏπŒ±πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΏπ„πƒ
gadaubidΔ“duts 		—
1st plural 𐌲𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌾𐌰𐌼
gadaubjam 		𐌲𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌼
gadaubidΔ“dum 		𐌲𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰
gadaubjanda
2nd plural 𐌲𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌴𐌹𐌸
gadaubeiþ 		𐌲𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌸
gadaubidΔ“duΓΎ 		𐌲𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰
gadaubjanda
3rd plural 𐌲𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳
gadaubjand 		𐌲𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌽
gadaubidΔ“dun 		𐌲𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰
gadaubjanda
Subjunctive Present Past Present passive
1st singular 𐌲𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌾𐌰𐌿
gadaubjau 		𐌲𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌿
gadaubidΔ“djau 		𐌲𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌿
gadaubjaidau
2nd singular πŒ²πŒ°πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏπŒ±πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπƒ
gadaubjais 		πŒ²πŒ°πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏπŒ±πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπƒ
gadaubidΔ“deis 		𐌲𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌢𐌰𐌿
gadaubjaizau
3rd singular 𐌲𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌾𐌰𐌹
gadaubjai 		𐌲𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌹
gadaubidΔ“di 		𐌲𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌿
gadaubjaidau
1st dual πŒ²πŒ°πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏπŒ±πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπ…πŒ°
gadaubjaiwa 		πŒ²πŒ°πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏπŒ±πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπ…πŒ°
gadaubidΔ“deiwa 		—
2nd dual πŒ²πŒ°πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏπŒ±πŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπ„πƒ
gadaubjaits 		πŒ²πŒ°πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏπŒ±πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπ„πƒ
gadaubidΔ“deits 		—
1st plural 𐌲𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌼𐌰
gadaubjaima 		𐌲𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌼𐌰
gadaubidΔ“deima 		𐌲𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿
gadaubjaindau
2nd plural 𐌲𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌸
gadaubjaiþ 		𐌲𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌸
gadaubidΔ“deiΓΎ 		𐌲𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿
gadaubjaindau
3rd plural 𐌲𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰
gadaubjaina 		𐌲𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰
gadaubidΔ“deina 		𐌲𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿
gadaubjaindau
Imperative
2nd singular 𐌲𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌴𐌹
gadaubei
3rd singular 𐌲𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌾𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌿
gadaubjadau
2nd dual πŒ²πŒ°πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏπŒ±πŒΎπŒ°π„πƒ
gadaubjats
2nd plural 𐌲𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌴𐌹𐌸
gadaubeiΓΎ
3rd plural 𐌲𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿
gadaubjandau
Present Past
Participles πŒ²πŒ°πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏπŒ±πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πƒ
gadaubjands 		πŒ²πŒ°πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏπŒ±πŒΉπŒΈπƒ
gadaubiΓΎs

Further reading

  • Streitberg, Wilhelm (1910). Die gotische Bibel. Zweiter Teil: Gotisch-griechisch-deutsches WΓΆrterbuch. Heidelberg: Carl Winter’s UniversitΓ€tsbuchhandlung, p. 24
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