𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌽

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Gothic

Etymology

From 𐌲𐌰- (ga-) +‎ 𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐍃 (swikunþs) +‎ -𐌾𐌰𐌽 (-jan).

Verb

𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌽 (gaswikunþjan) (perfective)

  1. to make known
    • Gothic Bible, Mark 3:12:
      𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐍆𐌹𐌻𐌿 𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌹𐍄 𐌹𐌽𐍃 𐌴𐌹 𐌹𐌽𐌰 𐌽𐌹 𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰.
      jah filu andabait ins ei ina ni gaswikunþidēdeina.
      And he straitly charged them that they should not make him known. (KJV)
  2. to manifest
    • Gothic Bible, Luke 19:11:
      𐌰𐍄 𐌲𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌿𐍃𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌼 𐌸𐌰𐌽 𐌹𐌼 𐌸𐌰𐍄𐌰, 𐌱𐌹𐌰𐌿𐌺𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 𐌵𐌰𐌸 𐌲𐌰𐌾𐌿𐌺𐍉𐌽, 𐌱𐌹 𐌸𐌰𐍄𐌴𐌹 𐌽𐌴𐍈𐌰 𐌹𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌿𐍃𐌰𐌻𐌴𐌼 𐍅𐌰𐍃, 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌸𐌿𐌷𐍄𐌰 𐌹𐌼 𐌴𐌹 𐍃𐌿𐌽𐍃 𐍃𐌺𐌿𐌻𐌳𐌰 𐍅𐌴𐍃𐌹 𐌸𐌹𐌿𐌳𐌰𐌽𐌲𐌰𐍂𐌳𐌹 𐌲𐌿𐌳𐌹𐍃 𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌽.
      at gahausjandam þan im þata, biaukands qaþ gajukōn, bi þatei nēƕa iairusalēm was, jah þuhta im ei suns skulda wēsi þiudangardi gudis gaswikunþjan.
      And as they heard these things, he added and spake a parable, because he was nigh to Jerusalem, and because they thought that the kingdom of God should immediately appear. (KJV)

Conjugation

Class 1 weak
Infinitive 𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌽
gaswikunþjan
Indicative Present Past Present passive
1st singular 𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌾𐌰
gaswikunþja
𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌹𐌳𐌰
gaswikunþida
𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌳𐌰
gaswikunþjada
2nd singular 𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌴𐌹𐍃
gaswikunþeis
𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌹𐌳𐌴𐍃
gaswikunþidēs
𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌶𐌰
gaswikunþjaza
3rd singular 𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌴𐌹𐌸
gaswikunþeiþ
𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌹𐌳𐌰
gaswikunþida
𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌳𐌰
gaswikunþjada
1st dual 𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌾𐍉𐍃
gaswikunþjōs
𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿
gaswikunþidēdu
2nd dual 𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌾𐌰𐍄𐍃
gaswikunþjats
𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐍄𐍃
gaswikunþidēduts
1st plural 𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌼
gaswikunþjam
𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌼
gaswikunþidēdum
𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰
gaswikunþjanda
2nd plural 𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌴𐌹𐌸
gaswikunþeiþ
𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌸
gaswikunþidēduþ
𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰
gaswikunþjanda
3rd plural 𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳
gaswikunþjand
𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌽
gaswikunþidēdun
𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰
gaswikunþjanda
Subjunctive Present Past Present passive
1st singular 𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌿
gaswikunþjau
𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌿
gaswikunþidēdjau
𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌿
gaswikunþjaidau
2nd singular 𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌹𐍃
gaswikunþjais
𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐍃
gaswikunþidēdeis
𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌶𐌰𐌿
gaswikunþjaizau
3rd singular 𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌹
gaswikunþjai
𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌹
gaswikunþidēdi
𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌿
gaswikunþjaidau
1st dual 𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰
gaswikunþjaiwa
𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐍅𐌰
gaswikunþidēdeiwa
2nd dual 𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌹𐍄𐍃
gaswikunþjaits
𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐍄𐍃
gaswikunþidēdeits
1st plural 𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌼𐌰
gaswikunþjaima
𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌼𐌰
gaswikunþidēdeima
𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿
gaswikunþjaindau
2nd plural 𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌸
gaswikunþjaiþ
𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌸
gaswikunþidēdeiþ
𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿
gaswikunþjaindau
3rd plural 𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰
gaswikunþjaina
𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰
gaswikunþidēdeina
𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿
gaswikunþjaindau
Imperative
2nd singular 𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌴𐌹
gaswikunþei
3rd singular 𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌿
gaswikunþjadau
2nd dual 𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌾𐌰𐍄𐍃
gaswikunþjats
2nd plural 𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌴𐌹𐌸
gaswikunþeiþ
3rd plural 𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿
gaswikunþjandau
Present Past
Participles 𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃
gaswikunþjands
𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌹𐌸𐍃
gaswikunþiþs

Further reading

  • Streitberg, Wilhelm (1910). Die gotische Bibel. Zweiter Teil: Gotisch-griechisch-deutsches Wörterbuch. Heidelberg: Carl Winter’s Universitätsbuchhandlung, p. 135