𐎭𐏃𐎹𐎠𐎢

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Old Persian

Etymology

From Proto-Iranian *dáhyuš, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *dásyuš, from Proto-Indo-European *des- (“enemy, foreigner”).^[1]

Cognate with Old Avestan 𐬛𐬀𐬒𐬌𐬌𐬎 (dax́iiu, “country”), Younger Avestan 𐬛𐬀𐬣𐬵𐬎 (daŋ́hu), Sanskrit दस्यु (dásyu, “stranger, foreigner”).^[2]

Noun

𐎭𐏃𐎹𐎠𐎢 (d-h-y-a-u /dahạyau/) f

land, country
- c. 640 BCE – 600 BCE, Ariaramnes, AmH 5:
  𐎡𐎹𐎶 𐏐 𐎭𐏃𐎹𐎠𐎢𐏁 𐏐 𐎱𐎠𐎼𐎿𐎠 𐏐 𐎫𐎹 𐏐 𐎠𐎭𐎶 𐏐 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎠𐎷𐎡𐎹
  i-y-m : d-h-y-a-u-š : p-a-r-s-a : t-y : a-d-m : d-a-r-y-a-mi-i-y
  This is the Persian land which I hold.

Declension

Declension of 𐎭𐏃𐎹𐎠𐎢
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	𐎭𐏃𐎹𐎠𐎢𐏁 (d-h-y-a-u-š)	—	𐎭𐏃𐎹𐎠𐎺 (d-h-y-a-v)
Vocative	—	—	—
Accusative	𐎭𐏃𐎹𐎠𐎢𐎶 (d-h-y-a-u-m)	—	𐎭𐏃𐎹𐎠𐎺 (d-h-y-a-v)
Instrumental	—	—	—
Dative	𐎭𐏃𐎹𐎠𐎢𐏁 (d-h-y-a-u-š)	—	𐎭𐏃𐎹𐎢𐎴𐎠𐎶 (d-h-y-u-n-a-m)
Genitive	𐎭𐏃𐎹𐎠𐎢𐏁 (d-h-y-a-u-š)	—	𐎭𐏃𐎹𐎢𐎴𐎠𐎶 (d-h-y-u-n-a-m)
Locative	𐎭𐏃𐎹𐎢𐎺𐎠 (d-h-y-u-v-a)	—	𐎭𐏃𐎹𐎢𐏁𐎢𐎺𐎠 (d-h-y-u-š-u-v-a)

Descendants

Middle Persian: 𐭬𐭲𐭠 (deh)
- Persian: ده (deh)

References

^ Mallory, J. P. with Adams, D. Q. (2006) The Oxford Introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European World (Oxford Linguistics), New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 179
^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) “dásyu-”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume I, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 711.

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