𐭬𐭣𐭬

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Middle Persian

Alternative forms

  • (ʾpl /⁠abar⁠/)

Etymology

    From Proto-Iranian *upári, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *upári, from Proto-Indo-European *upér.

    Cognates include English over, Latin super (whence English super), Ancient Greek ὑπέρ (hupér), Old Armenian վեր (ver), German über, Avestan 𐬎𐬞𐬀𐬌𐬭𐬌 (upairi).

    Logogram from Aramaic 𐡒𐡃𐡌 (qd̠ām, qŭd̠ām). Compare Classical Syriac ܩܕܡ (qdām).

    Preposition

    𐭬𐭣𐭬 • (QDM /abar/)

    1. up, on, over
      abar āmadan ― rise (sun)
      abar nišastan ― sit, be enthroned
      abar nigarīdan ― consider

    Descendants

    • Classical Persian: بر (bar) (as a prefix or preposition), ابر (abar) (as a prefix)

    References

    • MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) “ʾpl”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, page 1
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