𐰏𐰼𐰇

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Old Turkic

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *-gerü. Cognate with Old Uyghur -kʾrw (-gerü), Karakhanid ـكرو (-gerü).

Suffix

𐰏𐰼𐰇 (-gerü)

  1. Forms the allative case
    ‎𐱃 (at, “horse”) + ‎𐰏𐰼𐰇 (gr²ü) → ‎𐱃𐰍𐰺𐰆 (atɣaru, “toward the horse”)

Usage notes

  1. After first person and second person possessive suffixes, it takes the form 𐰼𐰇- (-erü).
    ‎𐱃 (at, “horse”) + ‎𐰺𐰆 (r¹u) → ‎𐱃𐰢𐰺𐰆 (atïmaru, “toward my horse”)
    ‎𐱃 (at, “horse”) + ‎𐰺𐰆 (r¹u) → ‎𐱃𐰭𐰺𐰆 (atïŋaru, “toward your horse”)
  2. After third person possessive suffix, it takes the form 𐰭𐰼𐰇- (-ŋerü).
    ‎𐱃 (at, “horse”) + ‎𐰭𐰺𐰆 (ŋr¹u) → ‎𐱃𐰭𐰺𐰆 (atïŋaru, “toward his/her/its horse”)

Alternative forms

Derived terms

Related terms

  • 𐰏 (-g, “accusative case”)
  • 𐰤𐰭 (-niŋ, “genitive case”)
  • 𐰚𐰀 (-ke, “dative-locative case”)
  • 𐰓𐰀 (-de, “locative-ablative case”)
  • 𐰓𐰤 (-din, “ablative case”)
  • 𐰲𐰀 (-če, “equative case”)
  • 𐰤 (-in, “instrumental case”)
  • 𐰠𐰏𐰇 (-ligü, “comitative case”)

References

  • Tekin, Talât (1968) “-γaru/-gärü”, in A Grammar of Orkhon Turkic (Uralic and Altaic Series; 69), Bloomington: Indiana University, →ISBN, page 135
  • Erdal, Marcel (2004) “+gArU”, in A Grammar of Old Turkic (Handbook of Oriental Studies. Section 8 Uralic & Central Asian Studies; 3), Brill Academic Publishers, →ISBN, page 177
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