𐰚𐰀

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Old Turkic

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *-ke. Cognate with Chuvash -на (-na), Khalaj -kə, Turkish -e, Uzbek -ga, Kazakh -га (-ga), Yakut -га (-ga).

Suffix

𐰚𐰀 (-ke)

Forms dative-locative case
Synonym: 𐰓𐰀 (de)

‎𐱃 (at, “horse”) + ‎𐰚𐰀 (ka) → ‎𐱃𐰴𐰀 (atqa, “to/at the horse”)

Usage notes

After first and second person possessive suffixes, it takes the form 𐰀- (-e, -a).
‎𐱃 (at, “horse”) + ‎𐰀 (a) → ‎𐱃𐰢𐰀 (atïma, “to/at my horse”)

‎𐱃 (at, “horse”) + ‎𐰀 (a) → ‎𐱃𐰭𐰀 (atïŋa, “to/at your horse”)
After third person possessive suffixes, it takes the form 𐰭𐰀- (-ŋe, -ŋa).
‎𐱃 (at, “horse”) + ‎𐰭𐰀 (ŋa) → ‎𐱃𐰭𐰀 (atïŋa, “to/at his/her/its horse”)

Alternative forms

𐰴𐰀- (-qa)
𐰭𐰀- (-ŋe, -ŋa)
𐰀- (-e, -a)

Related terms

𐰏 (-g, “accusative case”)
𐰤𐰭 (-niŋ, “genitive case”)
𐰓𐰀 (-de, “locative-ablative case”)
𐰓𐰤 (-din, “ablative case”)
𐰲𐰀 (-če, “equative case”)
𐰤 (-in, “instrumental case”)
𐰠𐰏𐰇 (-ligü, “comitative case”)

References

Tekin, Talât (1968) A Grammar of Orkhon Turkic (Uralic and Altaic Series; 69), Bloomington: Indiana University, →ISBN, page 130

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