𐰭
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Old Turkic
Etymology 1
Letter
𐰭 (ŋ)
- A letter of the Old Turkic runic script, representing /ŋ/.
Etymology 2
Inherited from Proto-Turkic *eŋ (“superlative suffix”). Cognate with Turkish en.
Adverb
𐰭 (eŋ)
- Marks a superlative degree (-est).
- 8th century CE, Kültegin Inscriptions, E32
- 𐰭:𐰠𐰚𐰃:𐱃𐰑𐰴𐰣:𐰲𐰆𐰺𐰭:𐰉𐰆𐰔:𐱃𐰍:𐰋𐰃𐰤𐰯:𐱅𐰏𐰓𐰃
- eŋ:ilki:tadïqïn:čorïŋ:boz:atïɣ:binip:tegdi
- Very first, he mounted Tadıq Chor's gray horse and attacked.
- 8th century CE, Kültegin Inscriptions, E32
References
- Tekin, Talât (1968), “aŋ”, in A Grammar of Orkhon Turkic (Uralic and Altaic Series; 69), Bloomington: Indiana University, →ISBN, page 302-303
- Clauson, Gerard (1972), “eŋ”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 166
Etymology 3
Inherited from Proto-Turkic *aŋ (“wild game”).
Noun
𐰭 (eŋ)
- wild game, wild animals hunted for food
- 9th century CE, Irk Bitig, Omen 31
- 𐰉𐰺𐰽:𐰚𐰃𐰘𐰃𐰚:𐰭𐰚𐰀:𐰢𐰭𐰚𐰀:𐰉𐰺𐰢𐰃𐰾
- bars:kéyik:eŋke:meŋke:barmïš
- A tiger went to look for game and prey.
- 9th century CE, Irk Bitig, Omen 31
References
- Tekin, Talât (1993), “äŋ”, in Irk Bitig: The Book of Omens, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, →ISBN, page 54
- Clauson, Gerard (1972), “eŋ”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 166
- Starostin, Sergei; Dybo, Anna; Mudrak, Oleg (2003), “*Ăŋ”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
Etymology 4
Inherited from Proto-Turkic *-iŋ. Cognate with Turkish -in
Suffix
𐰭 (-iŋ, -ïŋ, -üŋ, -uŋ, -ŋ)
- second person singular possessive suffix
- second person singular suffix for certain verb tenses
Alternative forms
- 𐰏- (-ig, -üg, -g) (Orkhon Turkic)
- 𐰍- (-ïɣ, -uɣ, -ɣ) (Orkhon Turkic)
Related terms
- 𐰢 (-im, “1. first person singular possessive suffix 2. first person singular suffix for verbs”)
- 𐰢𐰔 (-imiz, “1. first person plural possessive suffix 2. first person plural suffix for verbs”)
- 𐰭𐰔 (-iŋiz, “1. second person plural possessive suffix 2. second person plural suffix for verbs”)
- 𐰾𐰃 (-si, “third person possessive suffix”)
References
- Tekin, Talât (1968) A Grammar of Orkhon Turkic (Uralic and Altaic Series; 69), Bloomington: Indiana University, →ISBN, page 189
Etymology 5
Inherited from Proto-Turkic *-iŋ. Cognate with Turkish -in
Suffix
𐰭 (-iŋ, -ïŋ, -ŋ)
- Suffix forming second person plural imperative
Related terms
- 𐰘𐰤 (-eyin, “first person singular imperative suffix”)
- 𐰏𐰠 (-gil, “second person singular imperative suffix”)
- 𐰠𐰢 (-elim, “first person plural imperative suffix”)
- 𐰕𐰈𐰤 (-zün, “third person imperative suffix”)
References
- Tekin, Talât (1968) A Grammar of Orkhon Turkic (Uralic and Altaic Series; 69), Bloomington: Indiana University, →ISBN, page 187