𐰴𐰺𐰀

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Old Turkic

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *kara (black). Cognate with Chuvash хура (hura), Khalaj qara, Turkish kara, Uzbek qora, Bashkir ҡара (qara), Yakut хара (qara). Compare also Mongolian хар (xar).

Adjective

𐰴𐰺𐰀 (qara)

  1. black
    • 9th century CE, Irk Bitig, Omen 53
      𐰴𐰺𐰀:𐰉𐰆𐰞𐰃𐱃:𐰖𐰆𐰺𐰃𐰑𐰃:𐰴𐰢𐰍:𐰇𐰔𐰀:𐰖𐰍𐰑𐰃
      qara:bulït:yorïdï:qamaɣ:üze:yaɣdï
      A black cloud passed; it rained over everything.
  2. poor
    Synonym: 𐰲𐰃𐰍𐰪 (čïɣań)
    Antonym: 𐰉𐰖 (bay)
    • 9th century CE, Irk Bitig, Omen 63
      𐰴𐰺𐰀:𐰴𐰢𐰍:𐰾𐰇𐰾𐰃:𐰇𐰏𐰃𐰼𐰼:𐱅𐰃𐰼
      qara:qamaɣ:süsi:ögirer:tér
      All his poor soldiers rejoice, it says.

See also

Colors in Old Turkic · 𐰉𐰆𐰑𐰍 (boduɣ) (layout · text)
     𐰀𐰴 (āq), 𐰇𐰼𐰭 (ürüŋ)      𐰉𐰆𐰔 (boz)      𐰴𐰺𐰀 (qara)
             𐰶𐰃𐰔𐰞 (qïzïl), 𐰞 (al)              𐰘𐰏𐰼𐰤 (yegren), 𐱃𐰆𐰺𐰍 (toruɣ); 𐰖𐰍𐰔 (yaɣïz), 𐰉𐰆𐰔 (boz)              𐰽𐰺𐰍 (sarïɣ)
                          𐰖𐱁𐰞 (yašïl)             
                          𐰚𐰇𐰚 (kök)             
                                      

References

  • Tekin, Talât (1968) “qara”, in A Grammar of Orkhon Turkic (Uralic and Altaic Series; 69), Bloomington: Indiana University, →ISBN, page 643
  • Tekin, Talât (1993) “k(a)ra”, in Irk Bitig: The Book of Omens, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, →ISBN, page 56
  • Clauson, Gerard (1972) “kara”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 233
  • Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*Kara”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8)‎, Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill