Hello, you have come here looking for the meaning of the word
𐰼. In DICTIOUS you will not only get to know all the dictionary meanings for the word
𐰼, but we will also tell you about its etymology, its characteristics and you will know how to say
𐰼 in singular and plural. Everything you need to know about the word
𐰼 you have here. The definition of the word
𐰼 will help you to be more precise and correct when speaking or writing your texts. Knowing the definition of
𐰼, as well as those of other words, enriches your vocabulary and provides you with more and better linguistic resources.
Old Turkic
Etymology 1
Derived from Ancient Greek Ρ (R, “rho”) through intermediaries.
Letter
𐰼 (r²)
- A letter of the Old Turkic runic script, representing /r/, used with front vowels.
References
- Clauson, Gerard (1972) “r²”, in The Origin of Turkic Runic Alphabet, London, pages 69 and 75
- Tekin, Talât (1968) A Grammar of Orkhon Turkic (Uralic and Altaic Series; 69), Bloomington: Indiana University, →ISBN, page 27
- Clauson, Gerard (1962) Turkish and Mongolian studies, London: Royal Asiatic Society, page 80
- Ghirshman, Roman (1948) Les Chionites-Hephtalites, Iran: Institut francais d'archeologie orientale, page 63
Etymology 2
Inherited from Proto-Turkic *er- (“to be”). Cognate with Turkish imek (“to be”), Uzbek emoq, Yakut эр (er, “to be”).
Verb
𐰼 (er-)
- (intransitive) to be (something, somewhere)
9th century CE, Irk Bitig, Omen 5:𐰢𐰭𐰃𐰠𐰃𐰏:𐰋𐰏:𐰼:𐰼𐰢𐰃𐰾- meŋilig:beg:er:ermiš
- Apparently he was a happy lord.
Derived terms
- 𐰼𐰨 (erinč, “possibly, certainly”)
- 𐰼𐱅𐰃 (erti)
- 𐰼𐰢𐰾 (ermiš)
- 𐰼𐰾𐰼 (erser, “if”)
- 𐰼𐰚𐰠𐰃 (erkli, “while”)
References
- Tekin, Talât (1968) “är-”, in A Grammar of Orkhon Turkic (Uralic and Altaic Series; 69), Bloomington: Indiana University, →ISBN, page 326
- Tekin, Talât (1993) “(ä)r-”, in Irk Bitig: The Book of Omens, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, →ISBN, page 54
- Clauson, Gerard (1972) “er-”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 193
- Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*er-”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
Etymology 3
Inherited from Proto-Turkic *ēr (“man”). Cognate with Chuvash ар (ar), Khalaj hər, Turkish er, Uzbek er, Bashkir ир (ir), Khakas ир (ir). Compare also Mongolian эр (er).
Noun
𐰼 (er)
- man, human male
9th century CE, Irk Bitig, Omen 12:𐰼:𐰉𐰴𐰀:𐰉𐰺𐰢𐰃𐰾- er:abqa:barmïš
- A man went hunting.
Adjective
𐰼 (er)
- male
Derived terms
- 𐰼𐰓𐰢 (erdem, “courage, brave”)
- 𐰼𐰤 (eren, “men”)
References
- Tekin, Talât (1968) “är”, in A Grammar of Orkhon Turkic (Uralic and Altaic Series; 69), Bloomington: Indiana University, →ISBN, page 325
- Tekin, Talât (1993) “(ä)r”, in Irk Bitig: The Book of Omens, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, →ISBN, page 54
- Clauson, Gerard (1972) “er”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 192
- Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*ēr”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
Etymology 4
Inherited from Proto-Turkic *ẹ̄r- (“to reach”). Cognate with Turkish ermek. Compare also Hungarian ér (“to reach”)
Noun
𐰼 (er-)
- (intransitive) to reach
Derived terms
References
- Tekin, Talât (1968) “är”, in A Grammar of Orkhon Turkic (Uralic and Altaic Series; 69), Bloomington: Indiana University, →ISBN, page 328
- Clauson, Gerard (1972) “ér”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 194
- Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*ẹ̄r-”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
Etymology 5
Inherited from Proto-Turkic *-ür. Cognate with Turkish -er.
Suffix
𐰼 (-er, -ir, -r)
- Forms simple present tense and aorist tense
- 𐱅𐰔 (tez-, “to flee”) + 𐰼 (r²) → 𐱅𐰔𐰼 (tezer, “he/she/it flees”)
- Forms adjectives or nouns out of verbs
- 𐰚𐰇𐰼 (kör-, “to see”) + 𐰼 (r²) → 𐰚𐰇𐰼𐰇𐰼 (körür, “seeing”)
Usage notes
- In monosyllabic verbs, if the verb ends with l, r or n, it takes the form 𐰇𐰼 (-ür) or 𐰼 (-ir).
- 𐰋𐰃𐰠 (bil-, “to know”) + 𐰇𐰼 (ür²) → 𐰋𐰃𐰠𐰼 (bilir, “he/she/it knows”)
- In monosyllabic verbs, if the verb ends a vowel, it takes the form 𐰼 (-r) or 𐰘𐰇𐰼 (-yür).
- 𐱅𐰃 (té-, “to say”) + 𐰼 (r²) → 𐱅𐰃𐰼 (tér, “he/she/it says”)
- 𐰇 (ö-, “to think”) + 𐰘𐰇𐰼 (y²ür²) → 𐰇𐰘𐰇𐰼 (öyür, “he/she/it thinks”)
- In polysyllabic verbs, if the verb ends with a consonant, it takes the form 𐰇𐰼 (-ür).
- 𐰴𐰔𐰍𐰣 (qazɣan-, “to win, to conquer”) + 𐰇𐰼 (ür²) → 𐰴𐰔𐰍𐰣𐰆𐰺 (qazɣanur, “he/she/it wins, conquers”)
- In polysyllabic verbs, if the verb ends a vowel, it takes the form 𐰘𐰇𐰼 (-yür).
- 𐰢𐰭𐰃𐰠𐰀 (meŋile-, “to enjoy”) + 𐰘𐰇𐰼 (y²ür²) → 𐰢𐰭𐰃𐰠𐰘𐰇𐰼 (meŋileyür, “he/she/it enjoys”)
- For the negative form 𐰢𐰔 (-mez) is used instead.
- 𐰚𐰇𐰼 (kör-, “to see”) + 𐰢𐰔 (mz) → 𐰚𐰇𐰼𐰢𐰔 (körmez, “he/she/it doesn't see”)
- 𐰺 (-ar, -ïr, -r)
- 𐰇𐰼 (-ür)
- 𐰆𐰺 (-ur)
- 𐰘𐰇𐰼 (-yür)
- 𐰖𐰆𐰺 (-yur)
- 𐰓𐰃 (-di, “experienced past tense”)
- 𐰢𐱁 (-miš, “heard past tense”)
- 𐰓𐰀𐰲𐰃 (-deči, “future tense”)
- 𐰾𐰚 (-sik, “necessitive-future tense”)
- 𐰏𐰘 (-gey, “optative-future tense”)
- 𐰢𐰔 (-mez, “negative aorist tense”)
- 𐰢𐰲𐰃 (-meči, “negative future tense”)