𑀓𑀭𑁄𑀢𑀺
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Ashokan Prakrit
Etymology
Etymology tree
Inherited from Sanskrit क॒रोति॑ (karóti), from कृ॒णोति॑ (kṛṇóti), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *kr̥náwti, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷer- + *-néwti.
Verb
𑀓𑀭𑁄𑀢𑀺 (karoti) (Girnar)
- to do
Alternative forms
Attested at Girnar.
| Dialectal forms of 𑀓𑀭𑁄𑀢𑀺 (“do”) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Variety | Location | Lemmas | Forms |
| Central | Kalsi | 𑀓𑀮𑁂𑀢𑀺 (kaleti) | |
| East | Jaugada | 𑀓𑀮𑁂𑀢𑀺 (kaleti) | |
| Northwest | Shahbazgarhi | 𐨐𐨪𐨆𐨟𐨁 (karoti) | |
| Mansehra | 𐨐𐨪𐨆𐨟𐨁 (karoti) | ||
| West | Girnar | 𑀓𑀭𑁄𑀢𑀺 (karoti) | |
| Map of dialectal forms of 𑀓𑀭𑁄𑀢𑀺 (“do”) | ||
|---|---|---|
Descendants
- Prakrit: 𑀓𑀭𑁂𑀇 (karei), 𑀓𑀭𑀇 (karaï)
- Central Indo-Aryan:
- Eastern Indo-Aryan:
- Insular Indo-Aryan:
- Northern Indo-Aryan:
- Northwestern Indo-Aryan:
- Southern Indo-Aryan:
- Western Indo-Aryan:
References
- Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “karṓti”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
Pali
Alternative forms
Alternative scripts
Verb
𑀓𑀭𑁄𑀢𑀺 (root kar, sixth conjugation)
- Brahmi script form of karoti (“to do”)
Conjugation
Conjugation of "𑀓𑀭𑁄𑀢𑀺"
| Active | Middle | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | |
| Present | ||||
| 1st | 𑀓𑀭𑁄𑀫𑀺 (karomi) | 𑀓𑀭𑁄𑀫 (karoma) | 𑀓𑀼𑀩𑁆𑀩𑁂 (kubbe) | 𑀓𑀼𑀭𑀼𑀫𑁆𑀳𑁂 (kurumhe) or 𑀓𑀼𑀩𑁆𑀩𑀸𑀫𑁆𑀳𑁂 (kubbāmhe) |
| 2nd | 𑀓𑀭𑁄𑀲𑀺 (karosi) | 𑀓𑀭𑁄𑀣 (karotha) | 𑀓𑀼𑀭𑀼𑀲𑁂 (kuruse) or 𑀓𑀼𑀩𑁆𑀩𑀲𑁂 (kubbase) | 𑀓𑀼𑀭𑀼𑀯𑁆𑀳𑁂 (kuruvhe) or 𑀓𑀼𑀩𑁆𑀩𑀯𑁆𑀳𑁂 (kubbavhe) |
| 3rd | 𑀓𑀭𑁄𑀢𑀺 (karoti) | 𑀓𑀭𑁄𑀦𑁆𑀢𑀺 (karonti) | 𑀓𑀼𑀭𑀼𑀢𑁂 (kurute) or 𑀓𑀼𑀩𑁆𑀩𑀢𑁂 (kubbate) or 𑀓𑀼𑀩𑁆𑀩𑀢𑀺 (kubbati) | 𑀓𑀼𑀭𑀼𑀦𑁆𑀢𑁂 (kurunte) or 𑀓𑀼𑀩𑁆𑀩𑀦𑁆𑀢𑁂 (kubbante) |
| Imperfect | ||||
| 1st | 𑀅𑀓𑀭 (akara) or 𑀅𑀓𑀭𑀁 (akaraṃ) | 𑀅𑀓𑀭𑀫𑁆𑀳𑀸 (akaramhā) | 𑀅𑀓𑀭𑀺𑀁 (akariṃ) | 𑀅𑀓𑀭𑀸𑀫𑁆𑀳𑀲𑁂 (akarāmhase) or 𑀅𑀓𑀭𑀫𑁆𑀳𑀲𑁂 (akaramhase) |
| 2nd | 𑀅𑀓𑀭𑁄 (akaro) | 𑀅𑀓𑀭𑀢𑁆𑀣 (akarattha) | 𑀅𑀓𑀭𑀲𑁂 (akarase) | 𑀅𑀓𑀭𑀯𑁆𑀳𑀁 (akaravhaṃ) |
| 3rd | 𑀅𑀓𑀭 (akara) or 𑀅𑀓𑀭𑀸 (akarā) | 𑀅𑀓𑀭𑀼 (akaru) or 𑀅𑀓𑀭𑀽 (akarū) | 𑀅𑀓𑀭𑀢𑁆𑀣 (akarattha) | 𑀅𑀓𑀭𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀼𑀁 (akaratthuṃ) |
| Imperative | ||||
| 1st | 𑀓𑀭𑁄𑀫𑀺 (karomi) | 𑀓𑀭𑁄𑀫 (karoma) | 𑀓𑀼𑀩𑁆𑀩𑁂 (kubbe) | 𑀓𑀼𑀩𑁆𑀩𑀸𑀫𑀲𑁂 (kubbāmase) |
| 2nd | 𑀓𑀭𑁄𑀳𑀺 (karohi) | 𑀓𑀭𑁄𑀣 (karotha) | 𑀓𑀼𑀭𑀼𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀼 (kurussu) or 𑀓𑀼𑀩𑁆𑀩𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀼 (kubbassu) | 𑀓𑀼𑀭𑀼𑀯𑁆𑀳𑁄 (kuruvho) or 𑀓𑀼𑀩𑁆𑀩𑀯𑁆𑀳𑁄 (kubbavho) |
| 3rd | 𑀓𑀭𑁄𑀢𑀼 (karotu) | 𑀓𑀭𑁄𑀦𑁆𑀢𑀼 (karontu) | 𑀓𑀼𑀭𑀼𑀢𑀁 (kurutaṃ) or 𑀓𑀼𑀩𑁆𑀩𑀢𑀁 (kubbataṃ) | 𑀓𑀼𑀭𑀼𑀦𑁆𑀢𑀁 (kuruntaṃ) or 𑀓𑀼𑀩𑁆𑀩𑀦𑁆𑀢𑀁 (kubbantaṃ) |
| Optative | ||||
| 1st | 𑀓𑀭𑁂 (kare) or 𑀓𑀼𑀩𑁆𑀩𑁂 (kubbe) or 𑀓𑀭𑁂𑀬𑁆𑀬𑀸𑀫𑀺 (kareyyāmi) or 𑀓𑀭𑁂𑀬𑁆𑀬𑀁 (kareyyaṃ) or 𑀓𑀼𑀩𑁆𑀩𑁂𑀬𑁆𑀬𑀸𑀫𑀺 (kubbeyyāmi) or 𑀓𑀼𑀩𑁆𑀩𑁂𑀬𑁆𑀬𑀁 (kubbeyyaṃ) or 𑀓𑀬𑀺𑀭𑀸𑀫𑀺 (kayirāmi) | 𑀓𑀭𑁂𑀬𑁆𑀬𑀸𑀫 (kareyyāma) or 𑀓𑀼𑀩𑁆𑀩𑁂𑀬𑁆𑀬𑀸𑀫 (kubbeyyāma) or 𑀓𑀬𑀺𑀭𑀸𑀫 (kayirāma) | 𑀓𑀭𑁂𑀬𑁆𑀬𑀁 (kareyyaṃ) | 𑀓𑀭𑁂𑀬𑁆𑀬𑀸𑀫𑁆𑀳𑁂 (kareyyāmhe) |
| 2nd | 𑀓𑀭𑁂 (kare) or 𑀓𑀼𑀩𑁆𑀩𑁂 (kubbe) or 𑀓𑀭𑁂𑀬𑁆𑀬𑀸𑀲𑀺 (kareyyāsi) or 𑀓𑀼𑀩𑁆𑀩𑁂𑀬𑁆𑀬𑀸𑀲𑀺 (kubbeyyāsi) or 𑀓𑀬𑀺𑀭𑀸𑀲𑀺 (kayirāsi) | 𑀓𑀭𑁂𑀬𑁆𑀬𑀸𑀣 (kareyyātha) or 𑀓𑀼𑀩𑁆𑀩𑁂𑀬𑁆𑀬𑀸𑀣 (kubbeyyātha) or 𑀓𑀬𑀺𑀭𑀸𑀣 (kayirātha) | 𑀓𑀭𑁂𑀣𑁄 (karetho) | 𑀓𑀭𑁂𑀬𑁆𑀬𑀯𑁆𑀳𑁄 (kareyyavho) |
| 3rd | 𑀓𑀭𑁂 (kare) or 𑀓𑀼𑀩𑁆𑀩𑁂 (kubbe) or 𑀓𑀭𑁂𑀬𑁆𑀬 (kareyya) or 𑀓𑀼𑀩𑁆𑀩𑁂𑀬𑁆𑀬 (kubbeyya) or 𑀓𑀬𑀺𑀭𑀸 (kayirā) | 𑀓𑀭𑁂𑀬𑁆𑀬𑀼𑀁 (kareyyuṃ) or 𑀓𑀼𑀩𑁆𑀩𑁂𑀬𑁆𑀬𑀼𑀁 (kubbeyyuṃ) or 𑀓𑀬𑀺𑀭𑀼𑀁 (kayiruṃ) | 𑀓𑀭𑁂𑀣 (karetha) | 𑀓𑀭𑁂𑀭𑀁 (kareraṃ) |
| Aorist | ||||
| 1st | 𑀅𑀓𑀭𑀺𑀁 (akariṃ) or 𑀓𑀭𑀺𑀁 (kariṃ) or 𑀅𑀓𑀸𑀲𑀺𑀁 (akāsiṃ) or 𑀅𑀓𑀁 (akaṃ) | 𑀅𑀓𑀭𑀺𑀫𑁆𑀳 (akarimha) or 𑀓𑀭𑀺𑀫𑁆𑀳 (karimha) or 𑀅𑀓𑀫𑁆𑀳 (akamha) or 𑀅𑀓𑀫𑁆𑀳𑀸 (akamhā) | ||
| 2nd | 𑀅𑀓𑀭𑀺 (akari) or 𑀓𑀭𑀺 (kari) or 𑀅𑀓𑀸𑀲𑀺 (akāsi) or 𑀅𑀓𑀸 (akā) | 𑀅𑀓𑀭𑀺𑀢𑁆𑀣 (akarittha) or 𑀓𑀭𑀺𑀢𑁆𑀣 (karittha) or 𑀅𑀓𑀢𑁆𑀣 (akattha) | ||
| 3rd | 𑀅𑀓𑀭𑀺 (akari) or 𑀓𑀭𑀺 (kari) or 𑀅𑀓𑀸𑀲𑀺 (akāsi) or 𑀅𑀓𑀸 (akā) | 𑀅𑀓𑀭𑀺𑀁𑀲𑀼 (akariṃsu) or 𑀓𑀭𑀺𑀁𑀲𑀼 (kariṃsu) or 𑀅𑀓𑀁𑀲𑀼 (akaṃsu) or 𑀅𑀓𑀸𑀲𑀼𑀁 (akāsuṃ) | ||
| Future | ||||
| 1st | 𑀓𑀭𑀺𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀸𑀫𑀺 (karissāmi) or 𑀓𑀸𑀳𑀸𑀫𑀺 (kāhāmi) | 𑀓𑀭𑀺𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀸𑀫 (karissāma) or 𑀓𑀸𑀳𑀸𑀫 (kāhāma) | 𑀓𑀭𑀺𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀁 (karissaṃ) | 𑀓𑀭𑀺𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀸𑀫𑁆𑀳𑁂 (karissāmhe) |
| 2nd | 𑀓𑀭𑀺𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀲𑀺 (karissasi) or 𑀓𑀸𑀳𑀲𑀺 (kāhasi) or 𑀓𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀲𑀺 (kāhisi) | 𑀓𑀭𑀺𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀣 (karissatha) or 𑀓𑀸𑀳𑀣 (kāhatha) | 𑀓𑀭𑀺𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀲𑁂 (karissase) | 𑀓𑀭𑀺𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀯𑁆𑀳𑁂 (karissavhe) |
| 3rd | 𑀓𑀭𑀺𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀢𑀺 (karissati) or 𑀓𑀸𑀳𑀢𑀺 (kāhati) or 𑀓𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀢𑀺 (kāhiti) | 𑀓𑀭𑀺𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀦𑁆𑀢𑀺 (karissanti) or 𑀓𑀸𑀳𑀦𑁆𑀢𑀺 (kāhanti) or 𑀓𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀦𑁆𑀢𑀺 (kāhinti) | 𑀓𑀭𑀺𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀢𑁂 (karissate) | 𑀓𑀭𑀺𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀦𑁆𑀢𑁂 (karissante) |
| Conditional | ||||
| 1st | 𑀅𑀓𑀭𑀺𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀁 (akarissaṃ) or 𑀅𑀓𑀸𑀳𑀁 (akāhaṃ) | |||
| 2nd | 𑀅𑀓𑀭𑀺𑀲𑁆𑀲 (akarissa) or 𑀅𑀓𑀭𑀺𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀺 (akarissi) or 𑀅𑀓𑀸𑀳 (akāha) or 𑀅𑀓𑀸𑀳𑀺 (akāhi) | 𑀅𑀓𑀭𑀺𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀣 (akarissatha) or 𑀅𑀓𑀸𑀳𑀣 (akāhatha) | ||
| 3rd | 𑀅𑀓𑀭𑀺𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀸 (akarissā) or 𑀅𑀓𑀭𑀺𑀲𑁆𑀲 (akarissa) or 𑀅𑀓𑀸𑀳𑀸 (akāhā) or 𑀅𑀓𑀸𑀳 (akāha) | 𑀅𑀓𑀭𑀺𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀁𑀲𑀼 (akarissaṃsu) or 𑀅𑀓𑀸𑀳𑀁𑀲𑀼 (akāhaṃsu) | ||
- Present active participle: 𑀓𑀭𑁄𑀦𑁆𑀢𑁆 (karont), which see for forms and usage
- Present middle participle: 𑀓𑀼𑀩𑁆𑀩𑀫𑀸𑀦 (kubbamāna), which see for forms and usage
- Future active participle: 𑀓𑀭𑀺𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀦𑁆𑀢𑁆 (karissant) or 𑀓𑀸𑀳𑀦𑁆𑀢𑁆 (kāhant), which see for forms and usage
- Future middle participle: 𑀓𑀭𑀺𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀫𑀸𑀦 (karissamāna) or 𑀓𑀭𑀺𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀸𑀦 (karissāna), which see for forms and usage
- Past participle: 𑀓𑀢 (kata), which see for forms and usage.
- Passive: 𑀓𑀭𑀻𑀬𑀢𑀺 (karīyati), which see for forms.
- Causative: 𑀓𑀸𑀭𑁂𑀢𑀺 (kāreti), 𑀓𑀸𑀭𑀬𑀢𑀺 (kārayati), which see for forms.
- Gerundive: 𑀓𑀭𑀡𑀻𑀬 (karaṇīya), 𑀓𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀩𑁆𑀩 (kattabba), 𑀓𑀺𑀘𑁆𑀘 (kicca), which see for forms.
- Infinitive: 𑀓𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀼𑀁 (kattuṃ), 𑀓𑀸𑀢𑀼𑀁 (kātuṃ), which see for forms and usage.
Adjective
𑀓𑀭𑁄𑀢𑀺