𑀓𑀸𑀮

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Ashokan Prakrit

Etymology

    Etymology tree
    Sanskrit काल (kāla)
    Ashokan Prakrit 𑀓𑀸𑀮 (kāla)

    Inherited from Sanskrit काल (kāla).

    Noun

    𑀓𑀸𑀮 (kāla) m

    1. time

    Declension

    Declension of 𑀓𑀸𑀮 (kāla)
    singular plural
    nominative — —
    accusative 𑀓𑀸𑀮𑀁
    kālaṃ     		—
    instrumental 𑀓𑀸𑀮𑁂𑀦, 𑀓𑀸𑀮𑁂𑀡
    kālena, kāleṇa     		—
    dative 𑀓𑀸𑀮𑀸𑀬
    kālāya     		—
    ablative — —
    genitive — —
    locative — —

    Alternative forms

    Attested at Brahmagiri, Jatinga-Rameshwara, Nittur, Panguraria, Rajula-Mandagiri, Rupnath, Siddapura, Udegolam and Yerragudi.

    Dialectal forms of 𑀅𑀁𑀢𑀭 (“period of time”)
    Variety Location Lemmas Forms
    Central Kalsi 𑀅𑀁𑀢𑀮 (aṃtala)
    Rupnath 𑀓𑀸𑀮 (kāla) 𑀓𑀸𑀮𑀸𑀬 dat.sg (kālāya)
    Sahasram 𑀅𑀁𑀢𑀮 (aṃtala) ?𑀅𑀁𑀢𑀮𑁂𑀦 ins.sg (aṃtalena)
    Gujarra 𑀅𑀁𑀢𑀭 (aṃtara) 𑀅𑀁𑀢𑀭𑁂𑀦𑀸 ins.sg (aṃtarenā)
    Panguraria 𑀓𑀸𑀮 (kāla) 𑀓𑀸𑀮𑀁 acc.sg (kālaṃ)
    Bahapur 𑀅𑀁𑀢𑀮 (aṃtala) 𑀅𑀁𑀢𑀮𑁂𑀦 ins.sg (aṃtalena)
    Ahraura 𑀅𑀁𑀢𑀮 (aṃtala) ?𑀅𑀁𑀢𑀮𑁂𑀦 ins.sg (aṃtalena)
    East Dhauli 𑀅𑀁𑀢𑀮 (aṃtala)
    Jaugada 𑀅𑀁𑀢𑀮 (aṃtala)
    Northwest Shahbazgarhi 𐨀𐨎𐨟𐨪 (aṃtara)
    Mansehra 𐨀𐨎𐨟𐨪 (aṃtara)
    West Girnar 𑀅𑀁𑀢𑀭 (aṃtara)
    South Yerragudi 𑀓𑀸𑀮 (kāla) 𑀓𑀸𑀮𑁂𑀦 ins.sg (kālena)
    Siddapura 𑀓𑀸𑀮 (kāla) 𑀓𑀸𑀮𑁂𑀦 ins.sg (kālena)
    Brahmagiri 𑀓𑀸𑀮 (kāla) 𑀓𑀸𑀮𑁂𑀦 ins.sg (kālena)
    Jatinga-Rameshwara 𑀓𑀸𑀮 (kāla) ?𑀓𑀸𑀮𑁂𑀡 ins.sg (kāleṇa)
    Rajula-Mandagiri 𑀓𑀸𑀮 (kāla) 𑀓𑀸𑀮𑁂𑀦 ins.sg (kālena)
    Udegolam 𑀓𑀸𑀮 (kāla) 𑀓𑀸𑀮𑁂𑀡 ins.sg (kāleṇa)
    Nittur 𑀓𑀸𑀮 (kāla) 𑀓𑀸𑀮𑁂𑀦 ins.sg (kālena)
    Gavimath 𑀯𑁂𑀮𑀸 (velā) 𑀯𑁂𑀮𑀸𑀬𑀁 loc.sg (velāyaṃ)
    Map of dialectal forms of 𑀅𑀁𑀢𑀭 (“period of time”)
    𑀓𑀸𑀮 (kāla) (9)
    𑀅𑀁𑀢𑀮 (aṃtala) (6)
    𐨀𐨎𐨟𐨪 (aṃtara) (2)
    𑀅𑀁𑀢𑀭 (aṃtara) (2)
    𑀯𑁂𑀮𑀸 (velā) (1)

    Descendants

    • Prakrit: 𑀓𑀸𑀮 (kāla) (see there for further descendants)

    References

    • Andersen, Paul Kent (1990) “kāla-”, in Studies in the Minor Rock Edicts of Aśoka, Freiburg: Hedwig Falk, page 146
    • Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “kālá²”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 157

    Prakrit

    Etymology 1

      Etymology tree
      Proto-Dravidian *kārder.
      Sanskrit काल (kāla)
      Prakrit 𑀓𑀸𑀮 (kāla)

      Inherited from Sanskrit काल (kāla, “black, dark blue”).[1]

      Adjective

      𑀓𑀸𑀮 (kāla) (Devanagari काल) [2]

      1. black, dark
      Derived terms
      Descendants

      Etymology 2

        Etymology tree
        Sanskrit काल (kāla)
        Ashokan Prakrit 𑀓𑀸𑀮 (kāla)
        Prakrit 𑀓𑀸𑀮 (kāla)

        Inherited from Ashokan Prakrit 𑀓𑀸𑀮 (kāla), from Sanskrit काल (kālá, “time”).[3]

        Noun

        𑀓𑀸𑀮 (kāla) m (Devanagari काल) [2]

        1. time
        2. death
        3. delay, wait
        4. age
        5. season, period of time
        Descendants

        References

        1. ^ Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “kāla¹”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 157
        2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Sheth, Hargovind Das T (1923–1928) “काल”, in पाइअ-सद्द-महण्णवो [pāia-sadda-mahaṇṇavo, Ocean of Prakrit words] (in Hindi), Calcutta: .
        3. ^ Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “kālá²”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 157
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