๐‘€”๐‘„

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Ashokan Prakrit

Etymology

    Inherited from Sanskrit เค–เคฒเฅ (khalu). Cognate with Pali kho, khalu, Prakrit ๐‘€”๐‘€ฎ๐‘€ผ (khalu).

    Particle

    ๐‘€”๐‘„ (kho)

    1. indeed
      • c. 258 BCE, Aล›oka, Minor Rock Edict 1 Brahmagiri.3:
        ๐‘€ฆ๐‘„ ๐‘€ข๐‘€ผ ๐‘€”๐‘„ ๐‘€ฉ๐‘€ธ๐‘€ ๐‘€ ๐‘€ง๐‘†๐‘€ญ๐‘€“๐‘€๐‘€ข๐‘‚ ๐‘€ณ๐‘€ผ๐‘€ฒ๐‘€ ๐‘€๐‘€“๐‘€ ๐‘€ฒ๐‘€ฏ๐‘€™๐‘€ญ๐‘€
        no tu kho bฤแธhaแนƒ prakaแนƒte husaแนƒ ekaแนƒ savacharaแนƒ
        • 1925 translation by Eugen Hultzsch
          But indeed I had not been very zealous for one year.

    Alternative forms

    Attested at Brahmagiri, Calcutta-Bairat, Delhi-Topra, Dhauli, Gavimath, Girnar, Jatinga-Rameshwara, Jaugada, Kalsi, Nittur, Rajula-Mandagiri, Sarnath, Siddapura, Udegolam and Yerragudi.

    Dialectal forms of ๐‘€”๐‘„ (โ€œindeedโ€)
    Variety Location Lemmas Forms
    Central Kalsi ๐‘€”๐‘„ (kho)
    Delhi-Topra ๐‘€”๐‘„ (kho)
    Sarnath ๐‘€”๐‘„ (kho)
    Calcutta-Bairat ๐‘€”๐‘„ (kho)
    East Dhauli ๐‘€”๐‘„ (kho)
    Jaugada ๐‘€”๐‘„ (kho)
    Northwest Shahbazgarhi ๐จ‘๐จ† (kho)
    Mansehra ๐จ‘๐จ† (kho)
    West Girnar ๐‘€”๐‘„ (kho)
    South Yerragudi ๐‘€”๐‘„ (kho)
    Siddapura ๐‘€”๐‘„ (kho)
    Brahmagiri ๐‘€”๐‘„ (kho)
    Jatinga-Rameshwara ๐‘€”๐‘„ (kho)
    Rajula-Mandagiri ๐‘€”๐‘„ (kho)
    Udegolam ๐‘€”๐‘„ (kho)
    Nittur ๐‘€”๐‘„ (kho)
    Gavimath ๐‘€”๐‘„ (kho)
    Map of dialectal forms of ๐‘€”๐‘„ (โ€œindeedโ€)
    ๐‘€”๐‘„ (kho) (15)
    ๐จ‘๐จ† (kho) (2)

    Descendants

    References

    • Andersen, Paul Kent (1990) โ€œkhoโ€, in Studies in the Minor Rock Edicts of Aล›oka, Freiburg: Hedwig Falk, page 148
    • Hultzsch, E (1925) Inscriptions of Aล›oka (new edition), in Corpus Inscriptionum Indicarum, volume 1, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 239.
    • Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969โ€“1985) โ€œkhรกluโ€, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 202