πππ―
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Ashokan Prakrit
Etymology
From Sanskrit ΰ€ΰ₯ΰ€΅ (caiva), from ΰ€ (ca) + ΰ€ΰ€΅ (evΓ‘). By surface analysis, π (ca) + ππ― (eva).
Particle
πππ― (ceva) (Delhi-Topra, Dhauli, Girnar, Jaugada, Kalsi, Lauriya-Araraj)
Alternative forms
Attested at Delhi-Topra, Dhauli, Girnar, Jaugada, Kalsi and Lauriya-Araraj.
| Dialectal forms of πππ― (βand indeedβ) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Variety | Location | Forms |
| Central | Kalsi | πππ― (ceva), πππ―πΈ (cevΔ) |
| Delhi-Topra | πππ― (ceva), πππ―πΈ (cevΔ) | |
| Lauriya-Araraj | πππ― (ceva) | |
| East | Dhauli | πππ― (ceva) |
| Jaugada | πππ― (ceva) | |
| Northwest | Shahbazgarhi | π¨π¨ 𨬠(ceva) |
| Mansehra | π¨π¨ 𨬠(ceva) | |
| West | Girnar | πππ― (ceva) |
| Map of dialectal forms of πππ― (βand indeedβ) | ||
|---|---|---|
 | ||
Descendants
- Ardhamagadhi Prakrit: πππ― (ceva)
- Maharastri Prakrit: ππΊπ (cia), πππ (cea); ππΊπ¬ (ciya), πππ¬ (ceya), πππ― (ceva) — Jain Maharastri
- Sauraseni Prakrit: πππ (cea)
References
- Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969β1985) βcaivaβ, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press