πππ―
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Ashokan Prakrit
Etymology
From Sanskrit ΰ€ΰ₯ΰ€΅ (caiva), from ΰ€ (ca) + ΰ€ΰ€΅ (evΓ‘). By surface analysis, π (ca) + ππ― (eva).
Particle
πππ― (ceva)
Alternative forms
Attested at Delhi-Topra, Dhauli, Girnar, Jaugada, Kalsi and Lauriya-Araraj.
| Dialectal forms of πππ― (βand indeedβ) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Variety | Location | Lemmas | Forms |
| Central | Kalsi | πππ―πΈ (cevΔ), πππ― (ceva) | |
| Delhi-Topra | πππ―πΈ (cevΔ), πππ― (ceva) | ||
| Lauriya-Araraj | πππ― (ceva) | ||
| East | Dhauli | πππ― (ceva) | |
| Jaugada | πππ― (ceva) | ||
| Northwest | Shahbazgarhi | π¨π¨ 𨬠(ceva) | |
| Mansehra | π¨π¨ 𨬠(ceva) | ||
| West | Girnar | πππ― (ceva) | |
| Map of dialectal forms of πππ― (βand indeedβ) | ||
|---|---|---|
 | ||
Descendants
- Prakrit: ππΊπ (cia), πππ (cea) — ΕaurasenΔ«, πππ― (ceva) — ArdhamΔgadhΔ«, ππΊπ¬ (ciya), πππ¬ (ceya), πππ― (ceva) — Jain MΔhΔrΔαΉ£αΉrΔ« (see there for further descendants)
References
- Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969β1985) βcaivaβ, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press