๐‘€ซ๐‘€š๐‘†๐‘€›๐‘€ก๐‘†๐‘€ณ

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Prakrit

Alternative forms

Etymology

Inherited from Sanskrit ๐‘€ซ๐‘€ฅ๐‘†๐‘€ฌ๐‘€ธ๐‘€ณ๐‘†๐‘€ฆ (madhyฤhna). Cognate with Pali majjhanha, majjhaแน‡ha.

Noun

๐‘€ซ๐‘€š๐‘†๐‘€›๐‘€ก๐‘†๐‘€ณ (majjhaแน‡ham (Devanagari เคฎเคœเฅเคเคฃเฅเคน, Gujarati เชฎเชœเซเชเชฃเซเชน, Kannada เฒฎเฒœเณเฒเฒฃเณเฒน) (Mฤhฤrฤแนฃแนญrฤซ, Ardhamฤgadhฤซ, Jain Mฤhฤrฤแนฃแนญrฤซ, ลšaurasenฤซ)

  1. noon, midday
    • c. 200 CE โ€“ 600 CE, Hฤla, Gฤhฤ Sattasaฤซ 399:
      ๐‘€ซ๐‘€š๐‘†๐‘€›๐‘€ก๐‘†๐‘€ณ๐‘€ง๐‘€ข๐‘†๐‘€ฃ๐‘€บ๐‘€…๐‘€ฒ๐‘†๐‘€ฒ-๐‘€ฏ๐‘€บ ๐‘€•๐‘€บ๐‘€ซ๐‘†๐‘€ณ๐‘‚ ๐‘€ง๐‘€ณ๐‘€บ๐‘€…๐‘€ฒ๐‘†๐‘€ฒ ๐‘€ณ๐‘€ญ๐‘€‡ ๐‘€ฒ๐‘€๐‘€ข๐‘€ธ๐‘€ฏ๐‘€
      ๐‘€ณ๐‘€บ๐‘€…๐‘€…๐‘€๐‘†๐‘€ž๐‘€บ๐‘€…๐‘€š๐‘€ธ๐‘€†๐‘€ซ๐‘€ผ๐‘€ณ๐‘€ซ๐‘€…๐‘€๐‘€“๐‘€š๐‘„๐‘€ก๐‘†๐‘€ณ๐‘€ธ๐‘€š๐‘€ฎ๐‘€ง๐‘†๐‘€ง๐‘€ฏ๐‘€ณ๐‘„
      majjhaแน‡hapatthiassa-vi gimhe pahiassa haraรฏ saแนƒtฤvaแนƒ
      hiaaแนญแนญhiajฤฤmuhamaaแนƒkajลแน‡hฤjalappavaho
      • 2009 translation by Peter Khoroche and Herman Tieken
        In the midday heat of summer the mere thought of the refreshing stream of cool moonlight
        From his wifeโ€™s round face restores the traveler.
    • c. 1088 โ€“ 1173, Hemachandra, Siddha-Hema-ลšabdanuล›ฤล›ana Chapter 8 2, 84:
      ๐‘€ซ๐‘€ฅ๐‘†๐‘€ฌ๐‘€ธ๐‘€ณ๐‘†๐‘€ฆ๐‘‚ ๐‘€ณ๐‘€‚ ๐‘ˆ๐‘ฎ๐‘ช๐‘ˆ
      ๐‘€ซ๐‘€ฅ๐‘†๐‘€ฌ๐‘€ธ๐‘€ณ๐‘†๐‘€ฆ๐‘‚ ๐‘€ณ๐‘€ฒ๐‘†๐‘€ฌ ๐‘€ฎ๐‘€ผ๐‘€•๐‘† ๐‘€ฏ๐‘€ธ ๐‘€ช๐‘€ฏ๐‘€ข๐‘€บ๐‘‡ ๐‘€ซ๐‘€š๐‘†๐‘€›๐‘€ฆ๐‘†๐‘€ฆ๐‘„ ๐‘€ซ๐‘€š๐‘†๐‘€›๐‘€ก๐‘†๐‘€ณ๐‘„๐‘‡
      madhyฤhne haแธฅ .84.
      madhyฤhne hasya lug vฤ bhavati. majjhanno majjhaแน‡ho.

Declension

Maharastri declension of ๐‘€ซ๐‘€š๐‘†๐‘€›๐‘€ก๐‘†๐‘€ณ (masculine)
singular plural
Nominative ๐‘€ซ๐‘€š๐‘†๐‘€›๐‘€ก๐‘†๐‘€ณ๐‘„ (majjhaแน‡ho) ๐‘€ซ๐‘€š๐‘†๐‘€›๐‘€ก๐‘†๐‘€ณ๐‘€ธ (majjhaแน‡hฤ)
Accusative ๐‘€ซ๐‘€š๐‘†๐‘€›๐‘€ก๐‘†๐‘€ณ๐‘€ (majjhaแน‡haแนƒ) ๐‘€ซ๐‘€š๐‘†๐‘€›๐‘€ก๐‘†๐‘€ณ๐‘‚ (majjhaแน‡he) or ๐‘€ซ๐‘€š๐‘†๐‘€›๐‘€ก๐‘†๐‘€ณ๐‘€ธ (majjhaแน‡hฤ)
Instrumental ๐‘€ซ๐‘€š๐‘†๐‘€›๐‘€ก๐‘†๐‘€ณ๐‘‚๐‘€ก (majjhaแน‡heแน‡a) or ๐‘€ซ๐‘€š๐‘†๐‘€›๐‘€ก๐‘†๐‘€ณ๐‘‚๐‘€ก๐‘€ (majjhaแน‡heแน‡aแนƒ) ๐‘€ซ๐‘€š๐‘†๐‘€›๐‘€ก๐‘†๐‘€ณ๐‘‚๐‘€ณ๐‘€บ (majjhaแน‡hehi) or ๐‘€ซ๐‘€š๐‘†๐‘€›๐‘€ก๐‘†๐‘€ณ๐‘‚๐‘€ณ๐‘€บ๐‘€ (majjhaแน‡hehiแนƒ)
Dative ๐‘€ซ๐‘€š๐‘†๐‘€›๐‘€ก๐‘†๐‘€ณ๐‘€ธ๐‘€… (majjhaแน‡hฤa) โ€”
Ablative ๐‘€ซ๐‘€š๐‘†๐‘€›๐‘€ก๐‘†๐‘€ณ๐‘€ธ๐‘€‘ (majjhaแน‡hฤo) or ๐‘€ซ๐‘€š๐‘†๐‘€›๐‘€ก๐‘†๐‘€ณ๐‘€ธ๐‘€‰ (majjhaแน‡hฤu) or ๐‘€ซ๐‘€š๐‘†๐‘€›๐‘€ก๐‘†๐‘€ณ๐‘€ธ (majjhaแน‡hฤ) or ๐‘€ซ๐‘€š๐‘†๐‘€›๐‘€ก๐‘†๐‘€ณ๐‘€ธ๐‘€ณ๐‘€บ (majjhaแน‡hฤhi) or ๐‘€ซ๐‘€š๐‘†๐‘€›๐‘€ก๐‘†๐‘€ณ๐‘€ธ๐‘€ณ๐‘€บ๐‘€๐‘€ข๐‘„ (majjhaแน‡hฤhiแนƒto) โ€”
Genitive ๐‘€ซ๐‘€š๐‘†๐‘€›๐‘€ก๐‘†๐‘€ณ๐‘€ฒ๐‘†๐‘€ฒ (majjhaแน‡hassa) ๐‘€ซ๐‘€š๐‘†๐‘€›๐‘€ก๐‘†๐‘€ณ๐‘€ธ๐‘€ก (majjhaแน‡hฤแน‡a) or ๐‘€ซ๐‘€š๐‘†๐‘€›๐‘€ก๐‘†๐‘€ณ๐‘€ธ๐‘€ก๐‘€ (majjhaแน‡hฤแน‡aแนƒ)
Locative ๐‘€ซ๐‘€š๐‘†๐‘€›๐‘€ก๐‘†๐‘€ณ๐‘€ซ๐‘†๐‘€ซ๐‘€บ (majjhaแน‡hammi) or ๐‘€ซ๐‘€š๐‘†๐‘€›๐‘€ก๐‘†๐‘€ณ๐‘‚ (majjhaแน‡he) ๐‘€ซ๐‘€š๐‘†๐‘€›๐‘€ก๐‘†๐‘€ณ๐‘‚๐‘€ฒ๐‘€ผ (majjhaแน‡hesu) or ๐‘€ซ๐‘€š๐‘†๐‘€›๐‘€ก๐‘†๐‘€ณ๐‘‚๐‘€ฒ๐‘€ผ๐‘€ (majjhaแน‡hesuแนƒ)
Vocative ๐‘€ซ๐‘€š๐‘†๐‘€›๐‘€ก๐‘†๐‘€ณ (majjhaแน‡ha) or ๐‘€ซ๐‘€š๐‘†๐‘€›๐‘€ก๐‘†๐‘€ณ๐‘€ธ (majjhaแน‡hฤ) ๐‘€ซ๐‘€š๐‘†๐‘€›๐‘€ก๐‘†๐‘€ณ๐‘€ธ (majjhaแน‡hฤ)

References

  • Sheth, Hargovind Das T (1923โ€“1928) โ€œเคฎเคœเฅเคโ€, in เคชเคพเค‡เค…-เคธเคฆเฅเคฆ-เคฎเคนเคฃเฅเคฃเคตเฅ‹ [pฤia-sadda-mahaแน‡แน‡avo, Ocean of Prakrit words] (in Hindi), Calcutta: , page 668.
  • Pischel, Richard, Jha, Subhadra (contributor) (1957) Comparative Grammar of the Prakrit Languages, Varanasi: Motilal Banarasidass, pages 159, 230
  • Woolner, Alfred Cooper, An Introduction to Prakritโ€Ž, Calcutta: Baptist Mission Press, 1917, page 22.
  • Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969โ€“1985) โ€œmadhyฤhnaโ€, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 564