𑀭𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺
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𑀘𑀁𑀤𑁄 𑀭𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀻𑀏 (caṃdo rattīe)
Prakrit
Alternative forms
Etymology
Etymology tree
Inherited from Ashokan Prakrit 𑀮𑀸𑀢𑀺 (lāti) (only attested in Eastern dialects), from Sanskrit रात्रि॑ (rā́tri).
The variation between forms with /tt/ and no medial consonant (from earlier /t/) originates in differing Old Indo-Aryan syllabification patterns; 𑀭𑀸𑀇 (rāi) is from */ˈɾɑː.t̪ɾi/, while 𑀭𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺 (ratti) is from */ˈɾɑːt̪.ɾi/.
Noun
𑀭𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺 (ratti) f (Devanagari रत्ति)
Declension
| Maharastri declension of 𑀭𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺 (feminine) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| Nominative | 𑀭𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀻 (rattī) | 𑀭𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀻𑀑 (rattīo) or 𑀭𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀻 (rattī) |
| Accusative | 𑀭𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺𑀁 (rattiṃ) | 𑀭𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀻𑀑 (rattīo) or 𑀭𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀻 (rattī) |
| Instrumental | 𑀭𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀻𑀏 (rattīe) | 𑀭𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀻𑀳𑀺 (rattīhi) or 𑀭𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀻𑀳𑀺𑀁 (rattīhiṃ) |
| Dative | — | — |
| Ablative | 𑀭𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀻𑀑 (rattīo) | 𑀭𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀻𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (rattīhiṃto) |
| Genitive | 𑀭𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀻𑀏 (rattīe) | 𑀭𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀻𑀡 (rattīṇa) or 𑀭𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀻𑀡𑀁 (rattīṇaṃ) |
| Locative | 𑀭𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀻𑀏 (rattīe) | 𑀭𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀻𑀲𑀼 (rattīsu) or 𑀭𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀻𑀲𑀼𑀁 (rattīsuṃ) |
| Vocative | 𑀭𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺 (ratti) or 𑀭𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀻 (rattī) | 𑀭𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀻𑀑 (rattīo) or 𑀭𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀻 (rattī) |
| Sauraseni declension of 𑀭𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺 (feminine) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| Nominative | 𑀭𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀻 (rattī) | 𑀭𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀻𑀑 (rattīo) |
| Accusative | 𑀭𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺𑀁 (rattiṃ) | 𑀭𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀻𑀑 (rattīo) |
| Instrumental | 𑀭𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀻𑀏 (rattīe) | 𑀭𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀻𑀳𑀺𑀁 (rattīhiṃ) |
| Dative | — | — |
| Ablative | 𑀭𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀻𑀤𑁄 (rattīdo) | — |
| Genitive | 𑀭𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀻𑀏 (rattīe) | 𑀭𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀻𑀡𑀁 (rattīṇaṃ) |
| Locative | 𑀭𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀻𑀏 (rattīe) | 𑀭𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀻𑀲𑀼 (rattīsu) or 𑀭𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀻𑀲𑀼𑀁 (rattīsuṃ) |
| Vocative | 𑀭𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀺 (ratti) | 𑀭𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀻𑀑 (rattīo) |
Descendants
- Apabhramsa: रत्ति (ratti)
- Central Indo-Aryan:
- Eastern Indo-Aryan:
- Insular Indo-Aryan: (from 𑀭𑀸𑀇 (rāi))
- Northern Indo-Aryan:
- Northwestern Indo-Aryan:
- Southern Indo-Aryan:
- Western Indo-Aryan:
- Old Gujarati: रात (rāta)
- Romani: rat, ratyi (Anglicized), rǎt, rǎtǐ (International Standard)
References
- Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “*rāˊtrī”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 619