't

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See also: Appendix:Variations of "t"

English

Pronunciation

  • Audio (US):(file)

Pronoun

't

  1. (archaic or eye dialect) Contraction of it.
  2. (eye dialect) Contraction of that.
    • 2006 February 3, Graham Linehan, The IT Crowd, season 1, episode 2:
      What was all that about?
      Well, like all women, she's shoe-mad.
      't’s a bit sexist, isn't it?
      Do you know one woman who isn't obsessed with shoes?
      No, but I only know one woman. And she just left the room shouting "THE SHOES!"

Derived terms

Afrikaans

Verb

't

  1. (uncommon) Contraction of het.

Pronoun

't

  1. (uncommon) Contraction of dit.

Catalan

Pronoun

't

  1. Contraction of te.

Usage notes

  • 't is the reduced (reduïda) form of the pronoun. It is used after verbs ending with a vowel.
    Fixa't. ― Take note.

Declension

Catalan personal pronouns and clitics
strong/subject weak (direct object) weak (indirect object) possessive
singular proclitic enclitic proclitic enclitic
1st person jo, mi3 em, m’ -me, ’m em, m’ -me, ’m meu
1st person majestic1 nós ens -nos, ’ns ens -nos, ’ns nostre
2nd person tu et, t’ -te, ’t et, t’ -te, ’t teu
2nd person formal1 vós us -vos, -us us -vos, -us vostre
2nd person very formal2 vostè el, l’ -lo, ’l li -li seu
3rd person masculine ell el, l’ -lo, ’l li -li seu
3rd person feminine ella la, l’4 -la li -li seu
3rd person neuter ho -ho li -li seu
3rd person reflexive si es, s’ -se, ’s es, s’ -se, ’s seu
plural
1st person nosaltres ens -nos, ’ns ens -nos, ’ns nostre
2nd person vosaltres us -vos, -us us -vos, -us vostre
2nd person formal2 vostès els -los, ’ls els -los, ’ls seu
3rd person masculine ells els -los, ’ls els -los, ’ls seu
3rd person feminine elles les -les els -los, ’ls seu
3rd person reflexive si es, s’ -se, ’s es, s’ -se, ’s seu
adverbial
ablative/genitive en, n’ -ne, ’n
locative hi -hi
1) Behaves grammatically as plural.
2) Behaves grammatically as third person. 		3) Only as object of a preposition.
4) Not before unstressed (h)i-, (h)u-.

Dutch

Pronunciation

Article

't

  1. Contraction of het (“the”).
    Dan houdt 't verhaal op. ― Then the story ends.
    Waar in 't veld staat hij? ― Where on the pitch is he?
    Wat ga je in 't weekend doen? ― What are you up to this weekend?
    Also used in names: Jacobus Henricus van 't Hoff (Nobel laureate in chemistry)

Pronoun

't

  1. Contraction of het (“it”).
    't Is al laat. ― It's late already.
    Kan je 't goed zien? ― Can you see it well?

Usage notes

Common in spoken Dutch. Other than in names, "het" is usually written in full in written Dutch.

't is never capitalised, even before a proper noun or at the start of sentences. Instead, the following word is capitalised, as in 't Kan beter. (It could be better.)

Declension

Dutch personal pronouns
subject object possessive reflexive genitive5
singular full unstr. full unstr. full unstr. pred.
1st person ik 'k1 mij me mijn m'n1 mijne me mijner, mijns
2nd person jij je jou je jouw je jouwe je jouwer, jouws
2nd person archaic or regiolectal gij ge u – uw – uwe u uwer, uws
2nd person formal u – u – uw – uwe u, zich7 uwer, uws
3rd person masculine hij ie1 hem 'm1 zijn z'n1 zijne zich zijner, zijns
3rd person feminine zij ze haar h'r1, 'r1, d'r1 haar h'r1, 'r1, d'r1 hare zich harer, haars
3rd person neuter het 't1 het 't1 zijn z'n1 zijne zich zijner, zijns
plural
1st person wij we ons – ons, onze2 – onze ons onzer, onzes
2nd person jullie je jullie je jullie je – je –
2nd person archaic or regiolectal6 gij ge u – uw – uwe u uwer, uws
2nd person formal u – u – uw – uwe u, zich7 uwer, uws
3rd person zij ze hen3, hun4 ze hun – hunne zich hunner, huns
1) Not as common in written language.
2) Inflected as an adjective.
3) In prescriptivist use, used only as direct object (accusative).
4) In prescriptivist use, used only as indirect object (dative).
5) Archaic. Nowadays used for formal, literary or poetic purposes, and in fixed expressions.
6) To differentiate from the singular gij, gelle (object form elle) and variants are commonly used colloquially in Belgium. Archaic forms are gijlieden and gijlui ("you people"). 		7) Zich is preferred if the reflexive pronoun immediately follows the subject pronoun u, e.g. Meldt u zich aan! 'Log in!', and if the subject pronoun u is used with a verb form that is identical with the third person singular but different from the informal second person singular, e.g. U heeft zich aangemeld. 'You have logged in.' Only u can be used in an imperative if the subject pronoun is not overt, e.g. Meld u aan! 'Log in!', where u is the reflexive pronoun. Otherwise, both u and zich are equally possible, e.g. U meldt u/zich aan. 'You log in.'

Ilocano

Alternative forms

Etymology

Contraction of ti.

Pronunciation

Article

't

  1. Contraction of ti.
    • 2017, Diocese of Baguio, “Misa a Sangkagimongan [The Order of Mass]”, in Aweng Rambak: Hymnal of the Diocese of Baguio (overall work in English, Tagalog, Ilocano, and Kankanaey), Baguio: Diocese of Baguio, page xlvi:
      Amami ng adda't sadi langit
      Our father in heaven

Limburgish

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Contraction of het.

Article

't n

  1. the, it

Pronoun

't n

  1. Reduced form of het (“it”)
Declension
Limburgish (Southeast) personal pronouns
nominative accusative dative reflexive
str. unstr. str. unstr. str. unstr.
1st person singular ich 'ch mich m'ch mir m'r like dat. and acc.
2nd person singular
(informal) 		doe de dich d'ch dir d'r like dat. and acc.
2nd person singular
(formal) 		duur 'r uch uch uch uch like dat. and acc.
3rd person singular m heë
deë 		e
de 		dem d'm hem
dem 		'm zich
f zie
het 		ze
't
n det 't
1st person plural vir v'r ós — ós — like dat. and acc.
2nd person plural duur 'r uch uch uch uch like dat. and acc.
3rd person plural zie
die 		ze hön — hönnen — zich

Etymology 2

Contraction of het, itself derived from det.

Pronoun

't f

  1. Reduced form of het (“she”)
Declension
Limburgish (Southeast) personal pronouns
nominative accusative dative reflexive
str. unstr. str. unstr. str. unstr.
1st person singular ich 'ch mich m'ch mir m'r like dat. and acc.
2nd person singular
(informal) 		doe de dich d'ch dir d'r like dat. and acc.
2nd person singular
(formal) 		duur 'r uch uch uch uch like dat. and acc.
3rd person singular m heë
deë 		e
de 		dem d'm hem
dem 		'm zich
f zie
het 		ze
't
n det 't
1st person plural vir v'r ós — ós — like dat. and acc.
2nd person plural duur 'r uch uch uch uch like dat. and acc.
3rd person plural zie
die 		ze hön — hönnen — zich

Luxembourgish

Pronunciation

Pronoun

't

  1. Alternative form of et

Usage notes

  • Chiefly used before and after vowels, but never obligatory.

Declension

Luxembourgish personal pronouns
nominative accusative dative reflexive
str. unstr. str. unstr. str. unstr.
1st person singular ech — mech — mir mer like dat. and acc.
2nd person singular
(informal) 		du de dech — dir der like dat. and acc.
2nd person singular
(formal) 		Dir Der Iech Iech Iech Iech Iech
3rd person singular m hien en hien en him em sech
f si se si se hir er sech
n hatt et ('t) hatt et ('t) him em sech
1st person plural mir mer eis (ons) — eis (ons) — eis (ons)
2nd person plural dir der iech iech iech iech iech
3rd person plural si se si se hinnen en sech

North Frisian

Pronoun

't

  1. (Föhr-Amrum, Mooring, Sylt) Reduced form of hat (“it”, subject)
  2. (Föhr-Amrum) Reduced form of hat (“she”, subject)
  3. (Föhr-Amrum, Mooring) Reduced form of ham (“it”, object)
  4. (Föhr-Amrum) Reduced form of ham (“her”, object)
  5. (Sylt) Reduced form of höm (“it”, object)

Usage notes

  • The form 't is enclitic after a verb or conjunction, unlike at, et, which are unstressed, but can occur in all positions.

Alternative forms

See also

Personal and possessive pronouns (Föhr-Amrum dialect)
personal possessive
subject case object case masculine referent feminine / neuter referent plural referent
full reduced full reduced attributive independent
singular 1st ik 'k mi man min minen
2nd dü – di dan din dinen
3rd m hi 'r ham 'n san sin sinen
f or n hat at, 't at, 't
plural 1st wi 'f üs üüs üüsen
üsens
2nd jam 'm jam jau jauen
jamens
3rd jo 's jo 's hör hören
hörens
  • The reduced forms with an apostrophe are enclitic; they immediately follow verbs or conjunctions. Dü is deleted altogether in such contexts.
  • At is not enclitic; it can stand in any unstressed position and refers mostly to things. In reflexive use, only full object forms occur.
  • Dual forms wat / onk and jat / jonk are obsolete, as is feminine jü / hör.
  • Independent possessives are distinguished from attributive ones only with plural referents.
  • The forms üsens, jamens, hörens are used optionally (and decreasingly) when the possessor is a larger community, such as a village, city or nation.
Personal and possessive pronouns (Mooring dialect)
personal possessive
subject case object case masculine
referent 		feminine / neuter / plural
referent
full reduced full reduced
singular 1st ik 'k me man min
2nd dü – de dan din
3rd m hi 'r ham 'n san sin
f jü 's har 's harn har
n hat et, 't ham et, 't san sin
plural 1st we üs üüsen üüs
2nd jam 'm jam jarnge
3rd ja 's ja, jam 's jare

The reduced forms with an apostrophe are enclitic; they immediately follow verbs or conjunctions. Dü is deleted altogether in such contexts.
Et is not enclitic and can stand in any unstressed position; the full subject form hat is now rarely used. In reflexive use, only full object forms occur.
Dual forms wat / unk and jat / junk are obsolete. Attributive and independent possessives are not distinguished in Mooring.

Personal and possessive pronouns (Sylt dialect)
personal possessive
subject case object case singular
referent 		plural referent
full reduced full reduced attributive independent
singular 1st ik 'k mi min minen
2nd dü – di din dinen
3rd m hi 'r höm 'n sin sinen
f jü 's höör 's höör höören
n hat et, 't höm et, 't sin sinen
dual 1st wat unk unk unken
2nd at junk junk junken
3rd jat jam 's jaar jaaren
plural 1st wü üüs üüs üüsen
2nd i juu juu juuen
3rd ja 's jam 's jaar jaaren
  • The reduced forms with an apostrophe are enclitic; they immediately follow verbs or conjunctions. Dü is deleted altogether in such contexts.
  • Et is not enclitic and can stand in any unstressed position; the full subject form hat is now rarely used. In reflexive use, only full object forms occur.
  • The dual forms are dated, but not obsolete as in other dialects.
  • Independent possessives are distinguished from attributive ones only with plural referents.

Tagalog

Pronunciation

Conjunction

't (Baybayin spelling ᜆ᜔)

  1. Contraction of at

Usage notes

  • Only used after a word ending in a vowel or ⟨n⟩, primarily used as a clitic

Derived terms

Zealandic

Determiner

't

  1. neuter singular of de
Wikious
Boobota
Sagapedia