( )
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Translingual
Punctuation mark
( ) (English name parentheses or round brackets)
- Encloses supplemental information.
- Sen. John McCain (R., Arizona) spoke at length.
- Encloses a commentary.
- I gave it to Fred (who was going there anyways) before I left.
- Encloses optional variants or variant elements of words, inflections, spellings or pronunciations.
- Go get the dog(s) - Here, s is a shorthand for the plural dogs.
- You should (re)write that story. - Here, re is an optional prefix re-.
- Blue is my favo(u)rite colo(u)r. - Here, u is an alternative spelling (color/colour).
- A variable with persistence that is currently above (below) its mean will tend not go below (above) its mean for some time.
- (S)he likes dogs.
- Antarctica /ænˈtɑɹ(k)tɪkə/, terminator /ˈtɜːmɪneɪtə(ɹ)/
- Encloses narration.
- 2006, “Scott Pilgrim & the Infinite Sadness”, in Scott Pilgrim, volume 3 (in English):
- Envy: What's this for? Is this for the band?
Scott: It's... It's for you. I wrote a song.
(weird pause)
Envy: Why?
- Encloses a letter or number starting an item in a list.
- (1) New York, (2) London, (3) Paris.
- (A) New York, (B) London, (C) Paris.
- 2006, “Scott Pilgrim & the Infinite Sadness”, in Scott Pilgrim, volume 3 (in English):
- Scott: Can I get some free candy? Can you make it happen? Just some chocolate, maybe?
Wallace: No, because (A) you'll take half an hour to decide what you want, and (B) no sugar for you!!
- (papyrology, epigraphy) Encloses restored elements of text that were (intentionally) omitted by the original scribe as an abbreviation.
- (phonetics) A transcription delimiter for silent utterances. It may enclose a transcription of a mouthed utterance derived from lip-reading, such as (ʃːː), or of the length of a pause between utterances, such as (1.3 sec). (...), (..) and (.) are used for increasingly brief pauses.
- Used as quotation marks (e.g. in Arabic).
Quotations
For quotations using this term, see Citations:( ).
Synonyms
- (parenthetical phrase) — —
Derived terms
- (…) (used when omitting a section in quoted text)
- (sic) (used to indicate text quoted as-is from the source)
- (!)
- (?)
See also
- apostrophe ( ' ) ( ’ )
- curly brackets or braces (US) ( { } )
- square brackets or brackets (US) ( [ ] )
- colon ( : )
- comma ( , )
- dashes ( ‒ ) ( – ) ( — ) ( ― )
- ellipsis ( … )
- exclamation mark ( ! )
- fraction slash ( ⁄ )
- guillemets ( « » ) ( ‹ › )
- hyphen ( - ) ( ‐ )
- interpunct ( · )
- interrobang (rare) ( ‽ )
- brackets or parentheses (US, Canada) ( ( ) )
- full stop or period (US, Canada) ( . )
- question mark ( ? )
- quotation marks (formal) ( ‘ ’ ‚ ) ( “ ” „ )
- quotation marks (informal, computing) ( " ) ( ' )
- semicolon ( ; )
- slash or stroke (UK) ( / )
- space ( ] [ )
Symbol
- (mathematics) Encloses a mathematical phrase that has increased precedence in terms of operators.
- 20 / 2 + 8 = 10 + 8 = 18
- 20 / (2 + 8) = 20 / 10 = 2
- (mathematics) Denotes the greatest common divisor of two integers.
- (54,24)=6
- (mathematics) Denotes a coordinate.
- (x,y)
- (regular expressions) Defines a marked subexpression, to be matched using the backslash (\1, \2, etc.)
()()— \2 matches the 2nd subexpression
- (programming) Used when defining a new function, enclosing the list of parameters.
getSum (a, b)result = a + breturn result
- (programming) Used when calling an existing function, enclosing the list of arguments.
result = getFirstNumber() + getSecondNumber() + getThirdNumber()
- (programming) Used with some expressions and conditionals, like "if", "switch", "for", "while", etc., in certain programming languages.
if (x > 7) then printf "success!" end
- (chemistry) Encloses a repeated unit in a polymer.
- glutaraldehyde = CH2(CH2CHO)2
- (accounting) Indicates that a number is negative in place of a minus sign.
- (20)
Quotations
For quotations using this term, see Citations:( ).
Related terms
See also
References
- ^ Introduction to bookkeeping and accounting, The Open University, 2015
Burmese
Punctuation mark
( )
- sometimes used to enclose numbers to distinguish from letters
- ရက်ပေါင်း (၁၀၀) အလွန်
- rakpaung: (100) a.lwan
- 100 days later
Chinese
Alternative forms
- (tone indicator): single left parentheses
Punctuation mark
- Encloses the pronunciation to a character the reader may not necessarily know.
- 黿（yuán）
- 黿 (read as yuán)
- (Internet slang) Used to provide a deeper or second meaning to a phrase. Probably from Japanese 義訓 (gikun, “invented reading”). Compare English read (“used after a euphemism to introduce the intended, more blunt meaning of a term”).
- 那個男（shuài）人（gē）
- that man (read: hunk)
- (Internet slang) Added to the end of a message, with short text inside, as a sort of tone indicator.
- 回家看看（bushi）
- go take a look when you get home /j
- (literally, “go take a look when you get home (not really)”)
- (Internet slang, with no content inside) Used to censor vulgar, profane or sensitive words or characters. Compare x in Latin alphabet. A formal way to censor words in Chinese is using × instead.
- 他（）的！
- Fxxk that!
- (Internet slang, by extension, with no content inside) Added to the end of a message to indicate a lighthearted or joking tone.
- 回家看看（（（
- go take a look when you get home /lh
- (Internet slang, by extension, with no content inside) Added to the end of a message, either left parenthesis only or both, used in place of ellipses …… (which can be read as indecisiveness) to imply an abrupt and intentional end to an incomplete sentence.
- 確實如此，然而（）
- I mean that's true, but 🙃
See also
References
Japanese
Alternative forms
- (tone indicator): single left parentheses or none
Punctuation mark
- Used as a plaintext fallback of ruby: encloses a regular or traditional pronunciation to kanji (sometimes other types of words, e.g. katakana in parentheses following an English word) that the readers may not necessarily know how to read.
- 檸檬（れもん）
- 檸檬 (remon)
- Used as a plaintext fallback of ruby: encloses an invented reading or a pronunciation borrowed from another language, which follows usually but not necessarily a kanji word, to conveys the word's deeper or second meaning (see 義訓 (gikun)).
- 親友（ライバル）
- close friend (rival)
- (Internet slang, with no content inside) Used to censor vulgar, profane or sensitive words or characters. A formal way to censor words in Japanese is using × or ○ instead. Compare 自主規制 in Japanese and x in Latin alphabet.
- (Internet slang) Added to the end of a message, with short text inside (the right parenthesis is optional), as a sort of tone indicator.
- (Internet slang, by extension, with no content inside) Added to the end of a message to indicate a lighthearted or joking tone (the right parenthesis is optional),.
Derived terms
Mon
Punctuation mark
( )
- sometimes used to enclose digits to distinguish from letters
- တ္ၚဲကောန်ဂကူမန်မရနုက်ကဵု (၆၈) ဝါ
- The 68th Mon National Day