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-ейший. In DICTIOUS you will not only get to know all the dictionary meanings for the word
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Russian
Etymology
A combination of a euphonic Proto-Slavic yat (ѣ (jě), inherited from *ě) and -ший (-šij) (itself from Proto-Slavic *-jьjь (“comparative suffix”)). This suffix is used with adjectives that used to have a rising tone in the root syllable in Proto-Slavic, whereas the simpler form -ший (-šij) was used with adjectives that used to have a falling tone in the root syllable in Proto-Slavic; as tone has been lost in Russian, such a rule has become muddier.
Suffix
-ейший • (-ejšij)
- (added to certain adjectives and adverbs) More; used to form the comparative.
- хра́брый (xrábryj) + -ейший (-ejšij) → храбре́йший (xrabréjšij)
- ва́жный (vážnyj) + -ейший (-ejšij) → важне́йший (važnéjšij)
- краси́вый (krasívyj) + -ейший (-ejšij) → красиве́йший (krasivéjšij)
- бе́дный (bédnyj) + -ейший (-ejšij) → бедне́йший (bednéjšij)
Usage notes
- (more; used to form the comparative and superlative): Comparative adjectives in Russian may both use a suffix or just prefix the word with более (boleje, “more”). The suffix comparative is preferred, in the short neuter form (technically being an adverb) in predicative usage (Иван есть моложе Петра, meaning Ivan is younger than Pyotr), while the form with более (boleje) is preferred elsewhere (Она сказала о более молодом Иване, meaning She talked about the younger Ivan). Sometimes the perfective suffix по- (po-) may also be used in conjunction, yielding to both храбе́йший (xrabéjšij) and похрабе́йший (poxrabéjšij).
- For the superlative usage, instead of более (boleje), the periphrastic form uses either наиболее (naiboleje) or самый (samyj), while the affixed form uses the prefix наи- (nai-, “superlative prefix”) (наиважне́йший (naivažnéjšij, “most important (superlative)”) compared to важне́йший (važnéjšij, “more important (comparative)”).
Declension
Declension of -е́йший (unknown short forms)