-ный

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Russian

Alternative forms

  • -но́й (-nój)when the ending is stressed

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-ьnъ.

Pronunciation

Suffix

-ный (-nyj)

  1. -ish, -ic, -al, -ed; having a particular quality of, pertaining to, associated with; forms adjectives from nouns, and sometimes from verbs
    культу́ра (kulʹtúra, culture) + ‎-ный (-nyj) → ‎культу́рный (kulʹtúrnyj, cultural)
    ме́сто (mésto, place) + ‎-ный (-nyj) → ‎ме́стный (méstnyj, local)
    наро́д (naród, people) + ‎-ный (-nyj) → ‎наро́дный (naródnyj, folk)
    не́га (néga, comfort) + ‎-ный (-nyj) → ‎не́жный (néžnyj, gentle)
    нормати́в (normatív, norm) + ‎-ный (-nyj) → ‎нормати́вный (normatívnyj, normative)
    свобо́да (svobóda, freedom) + ‎-ный (-nyj) → ‎свобо́дный (svobódnyj, free)
    учёба (učóba, studies, training) + ‎-ный (-nyj) → ‎уче́бный (učébnyj, educational, (relational) training)
    се́рия (sérija, series) + ‎-ный (-nyj) → ‎сери́йный (seríjnyj, serial)
    грех (grex, sin) + ‎-ный (-nyj) → ‎гре́шный (gréšnyj, sinful)
    не- (ne-) + ‎обы́чай (obýčaj, custom) + ‎-ный (-nyj) → ‎необыча́йный (neobyčájnyj, unusual, extraordinary)
    German molekular + ‎-ный (-nyj) → ‎молекуля́рный (molekuljárnyj, molecular)
    German Kassation + ‎-ный (-nyj) → ‎кассацио́нный (kassaciónnyj, (relational) appeal, cassation)
    томи́ть (tomítʹ, to tire, to exhaust) + ‎-ный (-nyj) → ‎то́мный (tómnyj, languid, languorous)

Usage notes

Note the following properties:

Note in particular that nouns in -ка (-ka), -ко (-ko) have corresponding adjectives in unstressed -очный.

Declension

Derived terms