-тие

• -тьё (-tʹjó), -тиё (-tijó)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-tьje.

• -тие: IPA^(key):
• -тие́: IPA^(key):

-тие or -тие́ • (-tije or -tijé)

1. -tion, -ence, -ance, -ity, etc. (suffix used to form abstract nouns from verbs)

   ‎отбы́ть (otbýtʹ, “to depart; to complete (a term, sentence, etc.)”) + ‎-тие (-tije) → ‎отбы́тие (otbýtije, “departure; completion (of a term, sentence, etc.)”)

   ‎отплы́ть (otplýtʹ, “to sail off”) + ‎-тие (-tije) → ‎отплы́тие (otplýtije, “sailing off, departure from shore”)

   ‎пожа́ть (požátʹ, “to press, to squeeze”) + ‎-тие (-tije) → ‎пожа́тие (požátije, “handshake, shrug”)

   ‎быть (bytʹ, “to be”) + ‎-тие́ (-tijé) → ‎бытие́ (bytijé, “existence (philosophy, stilted)”)

• This suffix is generally used only for verbs whose past passive participle ends in -тый (-tyj); verbs whose past passive participle ends in -енный (-ennyj) or -ённый (-jónnyj) normally use -ение (-enije), and verbs whose past passive participle ends in -анный (-annyj) normally use -ание (-anije).
• Note that even intransitive verbs without a past passive participle form abstract nouns in -тие (-tije) (cf. отплы́тие (otplýtije) above).
• The stressed variant is fairly rare and often has a dated, stilted or ironic quality to it. It only occurs with unprefixed verbs and only in words borrowed from Old Church Slavonic. The normal stressed variant is -тьё (-tʹjó); -тиё (-tijó) is also occasionally found.