-улка

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Bulgarian

Etymology

Built upon the instrumental suffix Proto-Slavic *-dlo on verbs with u- or ova-conjugation, with addition of the diminutive suffix -ка (-ka).

Suffix

-улка (-ulkaf

  1. Deverbal, forming feminine instrumental or effect nouns.
    гъдувам (gǎduvam, to play a melody/refrain)гъдулка (gǎdulka, gadulka)
    висвам (visvam, to hang)висулка (visulka, hood)
  2. Denominal, forming feminine animal nouns, probably via an intermediate (often obsolete) inchoative verb.
    невеста (nevesta, bride, newly wedded)*невестувам (*nevestuvam)невестулка (nevestulka, weasel)
    свят (svjat, world, light)светувам (svetuvam, to light up) (obsolete)светулка (svetulka, firefly)

Macedonian

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

Suffix

-улка (-ulkaf

  1. Appended to words to create a feminine noun.
    снег m (sneg) + ‎-улка (-ulka) → ‎снегулка f (snegulka)
    свети impf (sveti) + ‎-улка (-ulka) → ‎светулка f (svetulka)
    смрди impf (smrdi) + ‎-улка (-ulka) → ‎смрдулка f (smrdulka)

Suffix

-улка (-ulkaimpf

  1. Appended to verbs to create a diminutive form.
    криви impf (krivi) + ‎-улка (-ulka) → ‎кривулка impf (krivulka)
    свети impf (sveti) + ‎-улка (-ulka) → ‎светулка impf (svetulka)

Derived terms