-DZIL

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Etymology

From Proto-Athabaskan *dzəl (“to be solid, firm, thick”). Compare also Navajo dziil (“strength”) and dził (“mountain”).

Root

-DZIL

  1. to make an effort, to strain

Theme Category Bases Transitive bases (O + ł)
l motion

S is straining, makes an effort

↳ ákʼinaaldzil
↳ákʼiildził
d

S is straining

  2. to be strong, to firm

Theme Category Bases Transitive bases (O + ł)
ł operative

S stiffens

ł adjectival

S is strong, firm, able to endure P

↳ hółdzil
∅ adjectival

S is strong

Stem set

Aspect IMP PERF FUT ITER OPT
MOM -dzííł -dzil -dził -dził -dzííł
CONT -dzil -dzil -dził -dził -dzil
DUR -dził -dzil -dził -dził -dził
NEUT -dzil - - - -
NEUT -dziil - - - -

See also Appendix: Roots and stems derivation.

Derived terms

Navajo terms belonging to the root -DZIL (strong)

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