-NIID

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Etymology 1

From Proto-Athabaskan *ni (to feel, to think, to want, to wish). Relates to the mind.

Cognate root found in Ahtna uniʼoʼolnii (I am attracted to her), Tanacross shiiníʼ (my mind).

-NIID shares many stems with the roots -NÍÍD, -NIIʼ, -NÍÍʼ, -NIʼ, -NÍ, -NIH, -NIIH ~ -LĮH and -NEʼ, each of these being themselves a conflation of several originally distinct roots with at times overlapping meanings, which makes their actual identification often speculative.

Root

-NIID

  1. to want, to love, to have in mind
Theme Category Bases Transitive bases (O + ł)
O + yíní + d

S wants, loves O

ni + l

S wants, desires P

bidáhonooní
yí + di + l

S is addicted

hwíídéeniʼ
d

S changes his/her mind

Stem set

Aspect IMP PERF FUT ITER OPT
MOM -niih -niid -niił -niih -niił
NEUT -ní - - - -
NEUT - -niʼ - - -

See also Appendix: Roots and stems derivation.

Synonyms

to want:

  to think:

Derived terms

Navajo terms belonging to the root -NIID (desire)

Etymology 2

From Proto-Athabaskan *də-ni (to say).

Cognate root found in Ahtna desnii (I say), sełnii (he says to me), Carrier hotni (it is said).

Root

-NIID

  1. to say
Theme Category Bases Indirect transitive (+ Pi)
di + ∅

S says

haʼní ~ hodiʼní (+d passive)
áháʼní

S says to P

 
 
kʼénáyíłʼní
di + ł

S imitates the sound of P

Usage notes
  • As in all Athabaskan languages, the thematic di- prefix deletes in the third person, and the pronominal P-i prefix is replaced with P-ił.
    dishní, bidishníI say, I say to him
    ní, shiłníhe says, he says to me

Stem set

Aspect IMP PERF FUT ITER OPT
MOM -niih -niid -niił -niih -neʼ
NEUT -ní - - - -

See also Appendix: Roots and stems derivation.

Synonyms

to tell, to speak:

 
 
Derived terms

Navajo terms belonging to the root -NIID (say)

Etymology 3

Root

-NIID

  1. to be new, fresh, young, recent
Theme Category Bases Transitive bases (O + ł)

S is new

Stem set

Aspect IMP PERF FUT ITER OPT
NEUT - -niid - - -
NEUT - -nííd - - -

See also Appendix: Roots and stems derivation.

Derived terms

Navajo terms belonging to the root -NIID (new)

Etymology 4

From Proto-Athabaskan *ni ~ *ni̓gʸ (to be joyful).

Cognate root found in Ahtna neniic (happiness), Carrier honəsni (to be joyful).

Root

-NIID

  1. there is fun, joy
Theme Category Bases Transitive bases (O + ł)
ni + ∅

there is fun

Stem set

Aspect IMP PERF FUT ITER OPT
MOM -niih -niid -niił -niih -niih
NEUT -ni - - - -

See also Appendix: Roots and stems derivation.

Derived terms

Navajo terms belonging to the root -NIID (enjoy)

Etymology 5

Root

-NIID

  1. to affect, to be the solution for, to cure
Theme Category Bases Transitive bases (O + ł)
di + ł

S affects P, cures P

Stem set

Aspect IMP PERF FUT ITER OPT
MOM -niih -niid -niił -nih -niiʼ
NEUT -ní - - - -

See also Appendix: Roots and stems derivation.

Derived terms

Navajo terms belonging to the root -NIID (affect)