-aji

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Swahili

Etymology

From *-aga (constantly repeated action or habitual state) +‎ -i.[1][2]

Suffix

-aji

  1. (usually in m-wa class(I/II)) agent of an action or person who performs the action as their profession
    m- + ‎-soma (to read) + ‎-aji → ‎msomaji (reader)
    mw- + ‎-uza (to sell) + ‎-aji → ‎mwuzaji (vendor)
    ki- + ‎-nywa (to drink) + ‎-aji → ‎kinywaji (beverage)
  2. (in u class(XI)) fact of performing an action
    u- + ‎-fuga (to keep (livestock)) + ‎-aji → ‎ufugaji (herding, livestock management)
    u- + ‎-pasua (to operate on) + ‎-aji → ‎upasuaji (operation)

Derived terms

References

  1. ^ Polomé, Edgar C. (1967) Swahili Language Handbook (Language Handbook Series)‎, Washington, D.C.: Center for Applied Linguistics, page 77:
    The agentive suffix {i}, added to the Bantu verbal derivational suffix *{ag} expressing a constantly repeated action or a habitual state, constitutes the Swahili complex nominal derivational suffix {aji}, which indicates more specifically the habitual doer of the action, especially the professional agent, {...} With the class-prefix {u}, the suffix {aji} expresses the abstract concept of the habitual action
  2. ^ Schadeberg, Thilo C. (1992) A Sketch of Swahili Morphology, 3rd edition, Cologne: Rüdiger Köppe Verlag, →ISBN
  • Marten, Lutz, Gibson, Hannah, Guérois, Rozenn, Jerro, Kyle (2024) “Morphosyntactic variation in Old Swahili”, in Hannah Gibson, Rozenn Guérois, Gastor Mapunda, Lutz Marten, editors, Morphosyntactic variation in East African Bantu languages: Descriptive and comparative approaches, Berlin: Language Science Press, →DOI, →ISBN, page 389 of 373–420:In addition, the agentive suffix -aji is also found, which appears to be an innovation in Swahili.