-at

Seen in toponyms such as Qesarat, Kastrat, Dukat, Progonat Bushat.^[1] The as as both from similar Proto-Albanian *tāi and Proto-Albanian *tjā. Toponym is considered a preservation of Illyrian *-atāi, attested in , , , .^[2] See -të

• IPA^(key): /at/

-at m (-at m)

1. used to form toponyms. -ian

Inherited from Latin -ātus.

-at (past participle-forming suffix, feminine -ata, masculine plural -ats, feminine plural -ates)

1. forms the masculine singular past participle of verbs whose infinitives end in -ar

   ‎parlar (“to speak”) + ‎-at → ‎parlat (“spoken”)

-at (adjective-forming suffix, feminine -ata, masculine plural -ats, feminine plural -ates)

1. forms adjectives, from nouns, meaning “which contains the suffixed noun”

   ‎piga (“freckle”) + ‎-at → ‎pigat (“freckled”)

-at m (noun-forming suffix, plural -ats)

1. forms nouns, from the names of types of professionals, meaning the position of being that type of professional; -dom

   ‎almirall (“admiral”) + ‎-at → ‎almirallat (“admiralty”)

• “-at”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
• “-at” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.

-at

1. a common ending for many infinitive verbs

• -at in Slovník afixů užívaných v češtině, 2017

Borrowed from Latin -ātum, whence also English -ate, and the inherited French doublet -é.^[1]

• IPA^(key): /a/

-at m (plural -ats)

1. denotes an action or a result of an action

   ‎assassiner (“to assassinate”) + ‎-at → ‎assassinat (“assassination”)

Borrowed from Latin -ātum, whence also English -ate.

• Audio:

  (file)

-at n

1. -ate

• → Russian: -ат (-at)
• → Serbo-Croatian:
  • Cyrillic script: -ат
  • Latin script: -at
• → Ukrainian: -ат (-at)

• IPA^(key):
• Rhymes: -ɒt

From -a- (linking vowel) +‎ -t (causative suffix).

-at

2. (causative suffix) Added to a back-vowel verb (or extremely rarely to a noun) to form a verb with a meaning of let or make somebody do something.

   Synonyms: -tat/-tet, -aszt/-eszt/-öszt, -jt/-ajt/-ejt, -ít, -dít, (obsolete in this sense) -t

   ‎zár (“to close”) + ‎-at → ‎zárat (“to make someone close something or to have something closed”)

• (causative suffix) Variants:

  -at is added to back-vowel words ending in a consonant + t and most monosyllabic words

  ‎vár (“to wait”) + ‎-at → ‎várat (“to have someone wait”)

  -et is added to front-vowel words ending in a consonant + t and most monosyllabic words

  ‎kér (“to ask for”) + ‎-et → ‎kéret (“to have someone ask(ed) for; to summon someone ”)

  -tat is added to back-vowel words ending in a vowel + t

  ‎tisztít (“to clean”) + ‎-tat → ‎tisztíttat (“to have someone clean or to have something cleaned”)

  -tet is added to front-vowel words ending in a vowel + t

  ‎keres (“to look for”) + ‎-tet → ‎kerestet (“to have someone look(ed) for”)

• Műveltető (faktitív) “Factitive” in Kiefer, Ferenc (ed.). Strukturális magyar nyelvtan 3. Morfológia (“A structural grammar of Hungarian, Vol. 3. Morphology”), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2000.

From -a- (linking vowel) +‎ -t (noun-forming suffix).

-at

2. (noun-forming suffix) Added to a verb to form a noun, expressing the result of the action or sometimes a more abstract relation (compare -ás/-és).

   Synonym: -mány/-mény

• (noun-forming suffix) Variants:

  -at is added to back-vowel verbs

  ‎gondol (“to think”) + ‎-at → ‎gondolat (“a thought, an idea”)

  ‎mond (“to say”) + ‎-at → ‎mondat (“sentence”)

  -et is added to front-vowel verbs

  ‎dicsér (“to praise”) + ‎-et → ‎dicséret (“praise, commendation”)

  ‎él (“to live”) + ‎-et → ‎élet (“life”)

  ‎ítél (“to judge”) + ‎-et → ‎ítélet (“judgment”)

  ‎mér (“to measure”) + ‎-et → ‎méret (“measurement, size”)

From -a- (linking vowel) +‎ -t (accusative suffix).

-at (accusative case suffix)

2. Forms the accusative case for a certain group of back-vowel nouns and numerals, back-vowel past participles, most back-vowel adjectives, and all back-vowel forms following any other inflectional suffix(es).

   ház (“house”) → Vettem egy házat. ― I bought a house.

   okos (“smart, clever”) → okosat (“smart, clever ”)

   hány? (“how many”) → hányat? (“how many ”)

   három (“three”) → hármat (“three ”)

   ablakok (“windows”) → ablakokat (“windows ”)

   asztalom (“my desk/table”) → asztalomat (“my desk/table ”)

   nagyobb (“bigger”) → nagyobbat (“a/the bigger one ”)

   nyitott (“opened”) → nyitottat (“the opened one ”)

• (accusative case suffix): It can be added to nouns, adjectives, numerals and pronouns. Whether a suffix-initial vowel (linking vowel) will be used is hard to predict and thus needs to be learned with each word. A rule of thumb, however, is that older and shorter words tend to incorporate a vowel, rather than simply use -t. Variants:

  -t is added to words ending in a vowel. Final -a changes to -á-. Final -e changes to -é-. Final -o in foreign words changes to -ó-.

  -ot is added to most back-vowel words ending in a consonant

  -at is added to some back-vowel words ending in a consonant

  -et is added to unrounded (and some rounded) front-vowel words ending in a consonant

  -öt is added to most rounded front-vowel words ending in a consonant

  -∅ (zero form), optionally, after possessive suffixes, especially in the singular but sometimes also in the plural (and not infrequently after multiple-possession forms as well), except for the third-person singular (“his/her/its”, -ja/-je) as its omission would not reduce the number of syllables.

  Elviszem a kabátom(at/∅), kabátod(at/∅); kabátunk(at/∅), kabátotok(at/∅), kabátjuk(at/∅); kabátjaim(at/∅) etc.

  I’ll take my coat, your coat; our coat, your coat, their coat; my coats etc.

  It is also omitted usually from the accusative forms of first- and second-person singular personal pronouns (engem, téged (“me, you”)).

From -atik (passive-forming suffix), removing the ending.

-at

2. Combining form of -atik (passive-forming suffix) before all inflectional and derivational suffixes, except the dictionary form itself, the indefinite third-person singular present indicative

   elnyomatik (“to be suppressed”) → elnyomatás (“suppression”, being suppressed).

(combining forms of the passive-forming suffix) Variants: -at-, -et-, -tat-, -tet- (from -atik, -etik, -tatik, -tetik), as well as the tautological (doubly suffixed) forms -attat-, -ettet- (from -attatik, -ettetik). See more in the template of the full forms of this suffix.

• Appendix:Hungarian suffixes

From Proto-Italic *-āt, from Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti.

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /at/,
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /at/,

-at

1. third-person singular present active indicative of -ō (first conjugation)

• Old Galician-Portuguese: -a
  • Galician: -a
  • Portuguese: -a
• Spanish: -a

-āt

1. (poetic, syncopated, rare) third-person singular perfect active indicative of -ō (first conjugation; verbs with the perfect infix -av-)

• Gallo-Romance:
  • Old French: -a
    • French: -a

Borrowed from Arabic ات.

• IPA^(key):
• Hyphenation: -at

-at

1. Suffix used to derive the plural and feminine form of certain nouns derived from Arabic.

   ‎Muslim (“a Muslim”) + ‎-at → ‎Muslimat (“feminine plural of Muslim”)

• This suffix is unproductive.

• IPA^(key): /aːt/

-at

1. Alternative form of -iet (noun plural suffix)

• Regularly used after għ. Otherwise only in exceptional forms, though somewhat commonly after ħ and q.

• (Kautokeino) IPA^(key): /ˈ-ah(t)/

From Proto-Samic *-ëŋkë.

-at

2. Forms adjectives indicating something that is possessed as a characteristic.

   ‎guhkes juolgi (“long leg”) + ‎-at → ‎guhkesjuolggat (“long-legged”)

• This suffix triggers the weak grade on a preceding stressed syllable.

From Proto-Samic *-ëtē, from Proto-Uralic *-eta. Related to Finnish -ea/-eä.

-at

2. Forms adjectives from stems, without any particular meaning. Often, the more basic stem is an adverb, the adjective's own attributive form, or has fallen out of use altogether.

• This suffix triggers the strong grade on a preceding stressed syllable.

-at

1. Form of the suffix -a used with odd-syllable stems.

From Latin -ātus.

-at n

1. used to form nouns

• “-at” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
• “-at” in Det Norske Akademis ordbok (NAOB).

From Latin -atus.

-at n

1. used to form nouns

• “-at” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

• -a, -t (after vowels)

Possibly from Proto-Germanic *aiwwihtiz, whence Old English āwiht (“anything, something; at all”). The prototype of ek veit-at 'I don't know' would then be Proto-Norse *ek ne wait aiwwihti 'I know not at all', after which *aiwwihti was reduced to -at and ne eventually dropped in a process identical to the origin of French pas (“not”). (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

-at

1. negative verbal suffix; does not

   Synonyms: eigi, né

   hann veitat

   he knows not

• at in A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, G. T. Zoëga, Clarendon Press, 1910, at Internet Archive.

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

• IPA^(key): /-at/

-at

1. Second person plural suffix

• -íit (With e-ending verb stems)
• -óot (With a-ending verb stems)
• -et (Biori)
• -éet (With e-ending verb stems in Biori)
• -áat (With a-ending verb stems in Biori)

• Henrik Liljegren, Naseem Haider (2011) “-at”, in Palula Vocabulary (FLI Language and Culture Series; 7)‎, Islamabad, Pakistan: Forum for Language Initiatives, →ISBN

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

• IPA^(key): /at/
• Rhymes: -at
• Syllabification:

-at m

1. forms masculine nouns; -ate, -age

   ‎anonim + ‎-at → ‎anonimat

Inanimate declension:

Animate declension:

• -at in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Inherited from Latin -ātus, from Proto-Italic *-ātos.

• IPA^(key): /at/

-at m or n (feminine singular -ată, masculine plural -ați, feminine and neuter plural -ate)

1. Used with a stem to form the masculine singular past participle of regular -a (first conjugation) verbs.

   ‎arunca (“to throw”) + ‎-at → ‎aruncat (“thrown”)

   ‎cânta (“to sing”) + ‎-at → ‎cântat (“sung”)

• -it

From German -at, first from direct loanwords, and later becoming productive on its own.

-at (Cyrillic spelling -ат)

1. Used on nominal and verbal stems of loanwords, rarely of native words, to build nouns of various meanings.
   1. Denoting a person.

      adrèsa → adrèsāt

      ȗnija → unìjat

      Ȃzija → Azìjat

      Mìja → Mìjat

      delegácija → delègāt

      kandidírati → kandìdāt

   2. Denoting a room, building or field.

      dèkān → dekànāt

      ekònom → ekonòmāt

      kàlīf → kalìfāt

      konzul → konzùlāt

      màršāl → maršalat

      pròtektor → protektòrāt

      rȅktor → rektòrāt

   3. Denoting an honor or service.

      dȍktor → doktòrāt

      đȁkon → đakònāt

      lȅktor → lektòrāt

      pàtrōn → patrònāt

      nàdbiskup → nadbiskùpāt

   4. Denoting collectivity.

      èpiskop → episkòpāt

      làik → laìkāt

      pàtrīcīj → patricìjāt

   5. Denoting things.

      bikarbóna → bikarbònāt

      jod → jòdāt

      separirati → sepàrāt

   6. Denoting abstract notions.

      citírati → cìtāt

      diktírati → dìktāt

      hìstōrija → historìjāt

• Babić, Stjepan (2002), Tvorba riječi u hrvatskome književnome jeziku, 3rd revised edition, Zagreb: HAZU, page(s) 358

• -ât

Inherited from Ottoman Turkish ـات, borrowed from Arabic ـَات (-āt).

• IPA^(key): /ɑːt/, /ɑt/,
• Rhymes: -ɑt

-at (no longer productive)

1. Forms plurals from words of Arabic origin.

   ‎gidiş (“way of going”) + ‎-at → ‎gidişat (“the way things go”)

   ‎hayvan (“animal”) + ‎-at → ‎hayvanat (“animals”)

2. Forms collective nouns.

   ‎mühimme (“important”) + ‎-at → ‎mühimmat (“ammunition”)

   ‎hasıl (“produce, profit”) + ‎-at → ‎hasılat (“income”)

   ‎müfret (“singular”) + ‎-at → ‎müfredat (“curriculum”)

   ‎er (“soldier”) + ‎-at → ‎erat (“soldiers (collective)”)

3. Forms nouns referring to fields of knowledge or practice.

   ‎lisani (“linguistic”) + ‎-at → ‎lisaniyat (“linguistics”)

   ‎Türki (“Turkic”) + ‎-at → ‎Türkiyat (“Turkology”)

• Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “https://www.nisanyansozluk.com/ek/%2B%C4%81t”, in Nişanyan Sözlük

-at

1. Used to indicate an amount